{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T19:38:56Z","timestamp":1791574736781,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major healthcare challenge, affecting &gt;800\u2009million people worldwide. Implications for population health result from the strong associations of CKD with increased rates of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, progressive CKD leading to kidney failure, acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality. In addition to a single disease perspective, CKD commonly coexists alongside other long\u2010term conditions, in particular type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. CKD is therefore an important component of multimorbidity that influences individual management and impacts prognosis. CKD is defined by abnormalities of kidney structure or function of any cause with implications for health that are present for longer than 3\u2009months. The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of an abnormal glomerular filtration rate (GFR\u2009&lt;\u200960\u2009mL\/min\/1.73\u2009m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and\/or the presence of proteinuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio &gt; 30\u2009mg\/g or &gt;3\u2009mg\/mmol). GFR is usually estimated from serum creatinine concentration using a variety of validated equations. However, serum creatinine is closely related to muscle mass and may therefore not be an accurate marker of GFR in people with high or low muscle mass (sarcopaenia). Cystatin C is an alternative endogenous marker of GFR that is increasingly being used but also has limitations. An estimate of GFR based on both creatinine and cystatin C is the most accurate. Diagnosis should be followed by classification and risk stratification to guide the development of a risk\u2010based, personalized care plan. Improved detection and widespread implementation of optimal CKD management has the potential to bring major benefits to population health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T04:05:18Z","timestamp":1716869118000},"page":"3-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["What every clinician needs to know about chronic kidney disease: Detection, classification and epidemiology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0351-8326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas M.","family":"Selby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust  Derby UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten W.","family":"Taal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation, Academic Unit of Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham UK"},{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust  Derby UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.17002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2023-002332"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2010.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000335935"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101958"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000270"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.228"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2023.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).Chronic Kidney Disease: Diagnosis and Management.2021.www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng203"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"259","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for lipid management in chronic kidney disease","volume":"3","author":"Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Lipid Work Group","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2023.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfac197"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1114248"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.38300"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043161"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005050545"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071075"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.638"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002400"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2019030238"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.16817"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-019-1486-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7130.504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-0529"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29844-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2013.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hct115"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.18202"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002955"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-074265","article-title":"Re\u2010evaluating national screening for chronic kidney disease in the UK","volume":"382","author":"Jain V","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2009.11.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1972.223.5.1184"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1614329"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-9-201005040-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.298.17.2038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.230"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","volume-title":"UK Renal Registry 25th Annual Report\u2014Data to 31\/12\/2021","author":"UK Renal Registry","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","unstructured":"US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States.2023;https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/kidneydisease\/publications-resources\/ckd-national-facts.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00020120"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.15161219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.0000000000000219"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfad110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1813869"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07830520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.163"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2016.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2015050542"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-018-0930-5"}],"container-title":["Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/dom.15683","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:58:16Z","timestamp":1761875896000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dom-pubs.pericles-prod.literatumonline.com\/doi\/10.1111\/dom.15683"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/dom.15683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dom.15683","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15683\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15683\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15683\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15683\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15683\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/DOM.15683\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1462-8902","1463-1326"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-8902","type":"print"},{"value":"1463-1326","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}