{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T16:30:26Z","timestamp":1784565026416,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify unique clinical phenotypes in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and investigate their treatment response to canagliflozin using latent class analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a pooled latent class analysis of the individuals in the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial. The co\u2010primary endpoints were hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) and the composite of cardiovascular death (CVD) or HHF. Secondary endpoints included three\u2010point major adverse CV events, its individual components, and all\u2010cause mortality. We completed Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the effect of canagliflozin across phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four distinct phenotypes were identified: Phenotype 1 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009966, 6.6%), with the lowest prevalence of heart failure, kidney dysfunction and hypertension; Phenotype 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094169, 28.7%), primarily comprising females with a high prevalence of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASCVD); Phenotype 3 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20097108, 48.9%), predominately males with a high prevalence of ASCVD; and Phenotype 4 (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20092300, 15.8%), possessing the highest prevalences of HF and renal dysfunction. A hierarchical increase in the risk of the primary endpoint was observed across the phenotypes, with the highest CV risk observed for Phenotype 4 (hazard ratio for HHF: 7.57 [95% CI: 4.19\u201013.69]). Canagliflozin significantly reduced HHF and the composite CVD or HHF across phenotypes (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      values for interaction &gt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified four clinically distinct T2D phenotypes with differential CV risks. Canagliflozin reduced the risk of CV events, irrespective of the phenotype, emphasizing its broad therapeutic acceptability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T05:00:26Z","timestamp":1726808426000},"page":"5025-5035","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cardiovascular phenotypes in type 2 diabetes: Latent class analysis of the\n                    <scp>CANVAS<\/scp>\n                    Program and\n                    <scp>CREDENCE<\/scp>\n                    trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8397-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Razaghizad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1120-5461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Department of Surgery and Physiology Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Centro Hospitalar Universit\u00e1rio de S. Jo\u00e3o  Porto Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Mavrakanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8326-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael A.","family":"Tsoukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology McGill Univesrity Health Centre, MCGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elite","family":"Possik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thao","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jodi D.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"University of Ottawa Heart Institute University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa Heart Institute University of Ottawa  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Swardfager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Sandra Black Center for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute 2075 Bayview Avenue  Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8427-9373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederic","family":"Baroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2304-6138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UnIC@RISE, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Department of Surgery and Physiology Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto  Porto Portugal"},{"name":"Heart Failure Clinic, Unidade Local de Saude Gaia Espinho  Gaia Portugal"},{"name":"Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurith\u00e9matique 1433, INSERM, Universit\u00e9 de Lorraine  Nancy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2346-8330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhinav","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, McGill University Health Centre McGill University  Montreal Quebec 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