{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T20:48:35Z","timestamp":1792097315603,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To conduct a meta\u2010analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101RAs) on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics as an adjunct to insulin therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature search was conducted through Medline (via PubMed), Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to 27 May 2024. Dual\u2010independent study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed. Results were summarized using random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six RCTs were identified, involving a total of 378 individuals with T1D. The use of GLP\u20101RAs in addition to standard insulin therapy was associated with a significant reduction in HbA1c (mean difference [MD] \u22120.21%, 95% confidence interval [CI] \u22120.36 to \u22120.06;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.007) and a similar time in range (TIR) compared to placebo (MD \u22120.22%, 95% CI \u22122.39 to 1.95;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.84). GLP\u20101RA therapy resulted in a significantly higher time below range (MD 1.13%, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.76;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and a lower time above range compared with placebo (MD \u22121.83%, 95% CI \u22122.51 to \u22121.15;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Nonsignificant differences were noted for the secondary outcomes, including the mean amplitude of glucose excursion, continuous overall net glycaemic action for 60\u2009min, mean daily glucose, coefficient of variation, and mean standard deviation of weekly glucose levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that, in individuals with T1D, add\u2010on therapy with GLP\u20101RAs does not confer significant benefits in terms of CGM metrics and is associated with a longer time below the target glycaemic range.<\/jats:p>\n                  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