{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T13:25:44Z","timestamp":1782393944048,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728000000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/CSA\u2010SI\/0010\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/CSA\u2010SI\/0010\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/CSASI20nov\u20100006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/CSASI20nov\u20100006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the independent and combined effects of muscle strength and visceral adiposity on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes incidence among midlife women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this prospective study of midlife women (mean age 56.4\u2009years), visceral adiposity, defined as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) &gt;131\u2009cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      measured by dual energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry, and poor combined muscle strength, defined as handgrip strength &lt;18\u2009kg and\/or five\u2010time repeated chair stand test performance \u226512\u2009s, were determined at baseline between 2014 and 2016. After 6.6\u2009years, the effects of VAT and muscle strength on risk of incident prediabetes (fasting blood glucose 5.6\u20136.9\u2009mmol\/L) and type 2 diabetes (fasting blood glucose levels \u22657\u2009mmol\/L, medication use, or physician diagnosis) were examined using modified Poisson regression analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 733 initially normoglycaemic participants, 150 (20.5%) developed prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. Women with both poor combined muscle strength and high VAT had the highest risk for both prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 2.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.81\u20133.82). In comparison, high VAT alone increased risk by 1.78\u2010fold (95% CI 1.12\u20132.84). Stratification analyses showed that among women with low muscle strength, high VAT demonstrated increased risks of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (aRR 2.84, 95% CI 1.95\u20134.14) compared to those with normal strength (aRR 1.66, 95% CI 1.04\u20132.65).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low combined muscle strength with high VAT poses a greater risk for the development of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes than high VAT alone. Muscle strengthening should be promoted alongside weight loss in diabetes prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T05:41:56Z","timestamp":1728020516000},"page":"155-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Individual and combined effects of muscle strength and visceral adiposity on incident prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in a longitudinal cohort of midlife Asian women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Beverly W. X.","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren Y. 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