{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T17:18:00Z","timestamp":1778519880068,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,24]],"date-time":"2024-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,24]],"date-time":"2024-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure the impact of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1D and T2D) on the QoL of a person's family members\/partner and assess if there is any difference in family impact.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study, recruited online through patient support groups, involved UK family members\/partners of people with diabetes completing the Family Reported Outcome Measure\u201016 (FROM\u201016).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred and sixty\u2010one family members\/partners (mean age\u2009=\u200957.9\u2009years, SD\u2009=\u200913.8; females\u2009=\u200968.2%) of people with diabetes (mean age\u2009=\u200957.7, SD\u2009=\u200920.6; females\u2009=\u200938.3%; T1D\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009100; T2D\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009161) completed the FROM\u201016. The overall FROM\u201016 mean score was 10.47, SD\u2009=\u20097.8, suggesting a moderate effect on the QoL of family members of people with diabetes. A quarter (24.5%) of family members experienced a \u2018very large effect\u2019 or \u2018extremely large effect\u2019 on their QoL. The family impact of T1D (mean FROM\u201016\u2009=\u200912.61, SD\u2009=\u20097.9) was greater than that of T2D (mean\u2009=\u20099.15, SD\u2009=\u20097.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.01), with being \u2018female\u2019 and \u2018parents of children and adolescents\u2019 rendered as significant predictors of greater impact. Family members of T2D had a lower risk of experiencing a high family impact (FROM\u201016 score &gt;16) compared with T1D (RR 0.561, 95% CI 0.371\u20130.849).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to T2D, family members of T1D experience a greater impact on their QoL, particularly those caring for children and adolescents. These findings have clinical and resource implications, indicating a need to assess this impact as a part of routine diabetes care to support impacted family members. The FROM\u201016 could assess this impact in routine practice and further facilitate referral of family members to appropriate support services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,24]],"date-time":"2024-11-24T23:58:56Z","timestamp":1732492736000},"page":"652-662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of the impact of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on quality of life of families of patients: A\n                    <scp>UK<\/scp>\n                    cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8158-712X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rubina","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2143-1646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew Y.","family":"Finlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4184-2023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faraz M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7433-4383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kennedy","family":"Otwombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics and Data Management Centre, Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital University of the Witwatersrand  Johannesburg South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multiple Sclerosis Society  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3411-7256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lindsay","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes University Hospital Llandough  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0671-0778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes University Hospital Llandough  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5257-1142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John R.","family":"Ingram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine Cardiff University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4612-5699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam","family":"Salek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life &amp; Medical Sciences University of Hertfordshire  Hatfield UK"},{"name":"Institute of Medicines Development  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","unstructured":"Diabetes UK.Number of people living with diabetes in the UK tops 5 million for the first time. 2024. 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