{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:49:54Z","timestamp":1775868594642,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006197","name":"Fonden til L\u00e6gevidenskabens Fremme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003035","name":"Aase og Ejnar Danielsens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010319","name":"Michaelsen Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007438","name":"Familien Hede Nielsens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been associated with reduced postprandial glucagon\u2010like peptide 1 (GLP\u20101) responses. As pregnancy induces changes in gallbladder motility and bile acids stimulate GLP\u20101 secretion, we investigated postprandial gallbladder emptying and GLP\u20101 responses in women with GDM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with and without GDM underwent two 240\u2010min mixed meal tests; one during third trimester of pregnancy and one 3\u20136\u2009months postpartum. We evaluated ultrasonography\u2010assessed gallbladder emptying, plasma concentrations of glucometabolic hormones including GLP\u20101, paracetamol absorption (proxy for gastric emptying) and circulating factors known to affect gallbladder dynamics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifteen women with GDM and 15 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (baseline median age 31 (interquartile range 29;33) versus 32 (28;33) years, body mass index (BMI) 27.2 (24.7;30.7) versus 28.4 (26.2;31.0) kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      30 (29;32) versus 30 (28;31) mmol\/mol) were included. No differences in postprandial gallbladder emptying or GLP\u20101 responses were observed between women with and without GDM, neither during pregnancy nor postpartum. Pregnancy increased fasting gallbladder volumes by 69 (30;122)% and 103 (59;156)% and postprandial gallbladder emptying by 77 (28;236)% and 99 (37;190)% compared with postpartum in women with and without GDM, respectively. Postprandial GLP\u20101 responses were reduced by 60 (3;82)% and 81 (11;90)% during pregnancy compared with postpartum in women with and without GDM, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnancy\u2010induced changes in gallbladder motility seem to play no or a limited role in previously reported GDM\u2010associated reduced postprandial GLP\u20101 responses as gallbladder emptying was greater and postprandial GLP\u20101 response was lower in pregnancy than postpartum regardless of GDM status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,15]],"date-time":"2024-11-15T02:43:34Z","timestamp":1731638614000},"page":"697-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Increased gallbladder emptying and reduced\n                    <scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 response in pregnancy with and without gestational diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8087-6421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ida M.","family":"Gether","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Herlev and Gentofte  Hellerup Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7466-9055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie S.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Metabolic Research Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Herlev and Gentofte  Hellerup Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Research Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen  Herlev 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