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Environmental factors are recognized as a key contributor to the development of T1D, with the gut serving as a primary interface for environmental stimuli. Recent studies have revealed that the alterations in the intestinal microenvironment profoundly affect host immune responses, contributing to the aetiology and pathogenesis of T1D. However, the dominant intestinal immune cells and the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. In this review, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms of the intestinal mucosal system that underpin the pathogenesis of T1D, shedding light on the roles of both non\u2010classical and classical immune cells in T1D. Our goal is to gain insights into how modulating these immune components may hold potential implications for T1D prevention and provide novel perspectives for immune\u2010mediated therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T02:45:06Z","timestamp":1733107506000},"page":"1045-1064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Intestinal mucosal immunity and type 1 diabetes: Non\u2010negligible communication between gut and pancreas"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7729-5177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruonan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The 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