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Patients were followed until 31 March 2023. Inverse probability weighted Cox regression models were used for treatment comparisons on all\u2010cause deaths and cardiovascular events in the entire cohort and above subgroups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 20\u2009788 cardiovascular events\/414\u2009414 person\u2010years and 15\u2009268 all\u2010cause deaths\/446\u2009458 person\u2010years. Insulin glargine had a higher hazard of all\u2010cause death compared to GLP\u20101RA (hazard ratio [HR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.48\u20131.67) or SGLT2i (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.48\u20131.61) in the entire cohort and across subgroups, especially in those with HbA1C levels &lt;9.0%. Results were similar for secondary outcomes. Compared to GLP\u20101RA, SGLT2i had similar risk of all\u2010cause death (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.97\u20131.10) but higher hazard of cardiovascular events (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.08\u20131.19). Across subgroups, GLP\u20101RA and SGLT2i had generally similar effects, with SGLT2i showing a slightly higher risk in some cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Insulin glargine might be deleterious particularly in those with HbA1C &lt;9.0%. There was no clear evidence for prioritization of SGLT2i versus GLP\u20101RA across subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T05:40:47Z","timestamp":1738215647000},"page":"2120-2130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative effectiveness of insulin glargine, glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists and\n                    <scp>sodium\u2010glucose cotransporter\u20102 inhibitors<\/scp>\n                    in veterans with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Jincheng","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine 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Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Cardio\u2010Renal and Metabolism Center University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Cardio\u2010Renal and Metabolism Center University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"McKenna","family":"Nevers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Informatics Decision Enhancement and Surveillance (IDEAS) Center Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesse C.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training University of Utah College of Health  Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augustine","family":"Takyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Cardio\u2010Renal and Metabolism Center University of Utah School of Medicine  Salt Lake City Utah 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