{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:28:16Z","timestamp":1791894496088,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adequate lipid control has emerged as a key factor in the prevention and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Remnant cholesterol (RC), a lipoprotein with an established association with cardiovascular risk, has been investigated in the context of CKD. Given the conflicting results from recent studies, we performed this meta\u2010analysis to summarize the existing evidence on the association between RC and CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medline, Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched until 16 September 2024. Double\u2010independent study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed. Evidence was pooled using random\u2010effects meta\u2010analyses. We set as primary end\u2010point of interest the association between RC and CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twelve studies (4\u2009139\u2009674 participants) were included. Participants with RC values in the highest quantile had significantly greater odds of CKD compared to those in the lowest quantile (Odds Ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20091.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.26\u20131.68). In a sensitivity analysis confined to subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D), those in the higher RC quantile also exhibited significantly increased odds of CKD compared to those in the lowest quantile (OR\u2009=\u20091.46, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.20\u20131.78). A significant inverse association was observed between RC and estimated glomerular filtration rate (Mean Difference [MD]\u2009=\u2009\u22121.43\u2009mL\/min\/1.73\u2009m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      for each 1\u2009mmol\/L increase in RC, 95% CI\u2009=\u2009[\u22122.67, \u22120.19]). Additionally, individuals with T2D\u2010related CKD had a 24% increased risk of progression to end\u2010stage renal disease for each 1 standard deviation increase in RC (Hazard Ratio [HR]\u2009=\u20091.24, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.04\u20131.47).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RC is directly associated with higher risk for CKD. Beyond traditional lipid markers, greater emphasis should be placed on RC levels in individuals with or at risk for CKD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.16258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T04:16:33Z","timestamp":1739506593000},"page":"2573-2583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Association between remnant cholesterol and chronic kidney disease: Systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3561-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paschalis","family":"Karakasis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Fragakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Cardiology, Hippokration General Hospital Aristotle University of Thessaloniki  Thessaloniki Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3755-8158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos S.","family":"Mantzoros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Boston VA Healthcare System Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts 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