{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:25:04Z","timestamp":1787030704047,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014759","name":"Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023KY272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023KY272"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014759","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014759","name":"Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province, China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025KY259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025KY259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014759","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence and risk factors of increased residual gastric content (RGC) under fasting conditions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101 RAs), providing evidence for peri\u2010procedural medication management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This single\u2010centre prospective cohort study enrolled inpatients with T2DM at the Endocrinology Department of Ningbo No.2 Hospital between April and December 2024. Patients aged 18\u201380\u2009years with BMI &lt;40\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      were categorized as GLP\u20101 RA users or non\u2010users. Those with conditions known to affect gastric motility were excluded. After a standard overnight fast, bedside gastric ultrasonography was performed. The primary outcome was the prevalence of increased RGC, defined as solid content or clear fluid volume &gt;1.5\u2009mL\/kg. Secondary analyses explored associated risk factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 390 patients included (237 [60.8%] male), 224 (57.4%) were GLP\u20101 RA users. After propensity score matching, the prevalence of increased RGC remained significantly higher in GLP\u20101 RA users compared with non\u2010users (53.3% vs. 32.1%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In multivariate logistic regression adjusted by inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), GLP\u20101 RA use was robustly associated with increased RGC (OR 2.52; 95% CI 1.84\u20133.45). Notably, diabetic retinopathy (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.14\u20132.99) and diabetic kidney disease (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.17\u20132.39) emerged as independent risk factors, identifying a high\u2010risk microvascular phenotype. Furthermore, among GLP\u20101 RA users, each additional day since the last GLP\u20101 RA dose reduced the odds of increased RGC by 23% (adjusted OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.65\u20130.90).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>GLP\u20101 RA therapy is a potent, independent driver of significant gastric retention in patients with T2DM, persisting despite standard fasting. Crucially, the presence of diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy identifies a \u201cdouble\u2010hit\u201d high\u2010risk phenotype, where pharmacological delay interacts with microvascular burden. These findings suggest that current fasting protocols may be insufficient for these patients, necessitating individualized preoperative assessment based on microvascular status and dosing timing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T06:43:54Z","timestamp":1770187434000},"page":"3612-3622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence and predictors of residual gastric content in patients with type 2 diabetes on\n                    <scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 receptor agonists: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Xiao\u2010yu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Ningbo No.2 Hospital  Ningbo 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