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However, their roles in glycometabolic disorders and the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain poorly defined. To prospectively assess the associations between plasma ox\u2010HDL\u2010C, ox\u2010LDL\u2010C and ox\u2010Lp(a) levels and the future risk of T2DM among individuals with prediabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multi\u2010centre, prospective cohort study enrolled 3056 participants, including 1521 individuals with prediabetes who were followed for 5\u2009years. Baseline levels of ox\u2010HDL\u2010C, ox\u2010LDL\u2010C and ox\u2010Lp(a) were quantified using ELISA. Glycaemic indices, insulin resistance markers and \u03b2\u2010cell function were assessed. Associations with incident T2DM were evaluated using logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Elevated baseline levels of ox\u2010HDL\u2010C, ox\u2010LDL\u2010C and ox\u2010Lp(a) were independently associated with increased odds and hazard ratios for progression from prediabetes to T2DM. These associations were dose\u2010dependent and remained significant across sex\u2010specific subgroups. Additionally, oxidised lipoproteins correlated positively with FBG, HbA1c and HOMA\u2010IR, and negatively with HOMA\u2010\u03b2 and HOMA\u2010IS, suggesting a relationship with \u03b2\u2010cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ox\u2010HDL\u2010C, ox\u2010LDL\u2010C and ox\u2010Lp(a) are independent, dose\u2010dependent predictors of T2DM development in individuals with prediabetes. Their close association with impaired \u03b2\u2010cell function highlights their potential utility in early risk stratification and targeted prevention strategies for T2DM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T09:18:19Z","timestamp":1770628699000},"page":"3632-3643","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Oxidised lipoproteins and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 5\u2010year cohort study on \u03b2\u2010cell dysfunction and prediabetes progression"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8945-3345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun\u2010Xu","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Peking University People's Hospital  Beijing People's Republic of 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