{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:33:09Z","timestamp":1787027589734,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To compare the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101 RAs), their combination, and no active intervention on respiratory, sleepiness, and metabolic outcomes in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We searched PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL through August 2025 for randomised trials of CPAP, exenatide, liraglutide, tirzepatide, or their combinations. The primary endpoint was apnea\u2013hypopnea index (AHI). Secondary endpoints were Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), fasting glucose, and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Random\u2010effects network meta\u2010analyses estimated mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Treatments were ranked using SUCRA, and certainty of evidence was assessed with GRADE. Thirty\u2010four trials including 3964 participants were eligible. CPAP produced the largest reduction in AHI versus no active intervention (MD \u221222.17 events\/h; 95% CI \u221238.01 to \u22126.33) and improved ESS (MD \u22122.75; 95% CI \u22123.71 to \u22121.79). Liraglutide reduced BMI (MD \u22121.60\u2009kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; 95% CI \u22122.04 to \u22121.16) and HbA1c (MD \u22120.19%; 95% CI \u22120.25 to \u22120.13), whereas CPAP showed no meaningful metabolic effect. Liraglutide plus CPAP achieved the greatest BMI reduction (MD \u22122.00\u2009kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; 95% CI \u22123.49 to \u22120.51). No intervention significantly changed SBP, DBP, or fasting glucose. According to GRADE, certainty of evidence was moderate for CPAP effects on respiratory and sleepiness outcomes and for GLP\u20101 receptor agonists on BMI and HbA1c, and low for blood pressure and fasting glucose. CPAP is the most effective therapy for respiratory control, while GLP\u20101 receptor agonists primarily improve weight and glycaemic indices, supporting an integrated airway\u2013metabolic approach to OSA management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T12:25:48Z","timestamp":1772972748000},"page":"3557-3567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative effectiveness of continuous positive airway pressure and glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists in obstructive sleep apnea: A network meta\u2010analysis of randomised trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0440-8404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaspar R.","family":"Chiappa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation Evangelical University of Goi\u00e1s  An\u00e1polis Brazil"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula C. N.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation Evangelical University of Goi\u00e1s  An\u00e1polis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deivyd Vieira Silva","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biomedical and Translational Sciences University of North Texas Health  Fort Worth Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9434-4231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto Souza","family":"S\u00e1 Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation Evangelical University of Goi\u00e1s  An\u00e1polis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade Multivix de Cachoeiro de Itapemirim  Cachoeiro de Itapemirim Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia Marques","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics Laboratory State University of Santa Catarina, UDESC  Florian\u00f3polis Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Sanchez","family":"Sequero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition Hospital Morales Meseguer  Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0571-2050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio M.","family":"Esquinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Morales Meseguer, NIV\u2010ICU Group, Biomedical Research Institute Pascual Parrilla\u2010IMIB  Murcia 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