{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:03:20Z","timestamp":1780459400222,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the association between glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonist (GLP\u20101RA) initiation and the risk of hepatic decompensation compared with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4is) in a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of adults with Type 2 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective active\u2010comparator new\u2010user cohort study utilised data from the National Institutes of Health's\n                      <jats:italic>All of Us<\/jats:italic>\n                      Research Program. Adult participants with Type 2 diabetes initiating GLP\u20101RAs or DPP4is without prior hepatic decompensation or competing causes of chronic liver disease were identified. Stratified propensity score matching (1:1) was employed to balance baseline covariates. The primary outcome was a composite of hepatic decompensation events (oesophageal varices with bleeding, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatic failure, or liver transplantation). Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The matched cohort included 7854 participants (mean age 57.3\u2009years; 58.8% female; 24.8% Black or African American). GLP\u20101RA use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of hepatic decompensation compared with DPP4i use (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.47\u20130.95;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.026), corresponding to an absolute rate difference of \u22121.66 events per 1000 person\u2010years. Estimates were directionally similar in prespecified sensitivity analyses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this diverse nationwide cohort, initiation of GLP\u20101RAs was associated with a significantly reduced risk of hepatic decompensation compared with DPP4is. These findings extend prior evidence by demonstrating this association in a cohort enriched for populations historically underrepresented in biomedical research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T08:46:53Z","timestamp":1773823613000},"page":"4837-4846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of\n                    <scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 Receptor Agonists With Hepatic Decompensation in the\n                    <i>All of Us<\/i>\n                    Research Program"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4953-759X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inyoung","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hanyang University Seoul Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9809-7351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy Daegu Catholic University  Gyeongsan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Convergence Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences at Daegu Catholic University  Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk South\u00a0Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hanyang University Seoul Hospital  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Hanyang University College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plipres.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575\u2010019\u20100145\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2413258"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration \u201cFDA Approves Treatment for Serious Liver Disease Known as MASH \u201d2025 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