{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:01:39Z","timestamp":1780459299265,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008550","name":"Diabetesfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004973","name":"Barndiabetesfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004973","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002794","name":"Cancerfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease, but knowledge of immune cell infiltration in the human pancreas is limited due to the risks associated with pancreatic biopsies. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of imaging innate immune cells in\u00a0vivo using positron emission tomography (PET).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used PET tracers targeting M1 macrophages ([\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga]\u2010DOTATATE) and neutrophil elastase ([\n                      <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                      C]\u2010NES) to assess pancreatic immune cell infiltration in individuals with new\u2010onset T1D (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4), long\u2010standing T1D (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6), and healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 6).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both tracers enabled visualisation and quantification of pancreatic uptake. Uptake of both [\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga]\u2010DOTATATE and [11C]\u2010NES was not increased in new\u2010onset T1D compared to healthy controls but was elevated in individuals with long\u2010standing T1D.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PET imaging of innate immune cells in the pancreas is feasible. While no increased macrophage or neutrophil activity was observed in new\u2010onset T1D, increased tracer uptake in long\u2010standing T1D may reflect late\u2010stage inflammatory processes and fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70672","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T05:07:48Z","timestamp":1774328868000},"page":"4876-4883","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vivo Imaging of the Innate Immune System in the Pancreas in New\u2010Onset and Long\u2010Standing Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Anvari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6810-9217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongchao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalia Guarienti","family":"Missima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Liss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Velikyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"PET Center, Akademiska Sjukhuset  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Antoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olle","family":"Korsgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Espes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medical Cell Biology Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry Uppsala University  Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jimmunol\/199.7.2194"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.01.060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.113.120600"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.113.126177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.119.228072"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-022-00892-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1959"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100450"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2011.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15040505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.122.264306"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40635-025-00721-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.122.263974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","volume-title":"PET 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