{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:49:18Z","timestamp":1790606958414,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002380","name":"Hanyang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HY\u2010202400000003665"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HY\u2010202400000003665"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002380","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n Waist\u2010to\u2010height ratio (WHtR) has been suggested as a superior marker of cardiometabolic risk compared to waist circumference (WC), but evidence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n A population\u2010based cohort of 2\u2009076\u2009104 patients with T2DM who underwent the Korean national health checkup between 2015 and 2016 were followed until 2022. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to analyse the association between WHtR and the risk of incident myocardial infarction, stroke and mortality. Restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to evaluate continuous dose\u2013response relationships, with additional stratification by abdominal obesity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n During follow\u2010up, 125\u2009493 deaths (6.0%), 56\u2009280 myocardial infarctions (2.7%) and 62\u2009938 strokes (3.0%) occurred.\n WHtR<\/jats:styled-content>\n showed increasing association with the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke, and a U\u2010shaped association with all\u2010cause mortality. Individuals with both abdominal obesity and\n WHtR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2265\u20090.5 had higher risks of myocardial infarction (\n HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.12, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.07\u20131.17), stroke (\n HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.18, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.15\u20131.21) and mortality (\n HR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.20, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.16\u20131.25). In those without abdominal obesity,\n WHtR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2265\u20090.5 was also associated with increased cardiovascular risks but slightly lower mortality. In contrast, those with abdominal obesity but normal\n WHtR<\/jats:styled-content>\n had no significantly increased risks for any outcomes. The associations were stronger in younger adults and individuals with new\u2010onset\n T2DM<\/jats:styled-content>\n for cardiovascular outcomes, and in those with long\u2010standing\n T2DM<\/jats:styled-content>\n for mortality.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n WHtR was independently associated with cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in individuals with T2DM, including those without abdominal obesity. This simple measurement may provide additional information beyond WC for evaluating cardiometabolic risk in this population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T04:56:59Z","timestamp":1774414619000},"page":"4949-4960","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Waist\u2010to\u2010Height Ratio and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes With and Without Abdominal Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4668-4853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kye\u2010Yeung","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyungdo","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil University Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung Hwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4891-834X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chang Beom","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University Guri Hospital Guri Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoon\u2010Ki","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwan\u2010Sik","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Hanyang University College of Medicine Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangmo","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University Guri Hospital Guri Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Hoon","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine Hanyang University Guri Hospital Guri Gyeonggi\u2010do South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"D. 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