{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T04:01:59Z","timestamp":1780459319883,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to explore the impact of metformin on gonadotropin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) based on a meta\u2010analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The search process was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science,\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      and Google Scholar. RCTs were eligible for meta\u2010analysis if they had a parallel or crossover design and reported gonadotropin levels before and after metformin treatment. A random\u2010effects model and the generic inverse variance method were used for meta\u2010analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The meta\u2010analysis of 51 RCTs, 48 of which included only and 2 included predominantly women with PCOS, showed that metformin treatment did not affect FSH (WMD: \u22120.22\u2009IU\/L, 95% CI: \u22120.54, 0.11,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.19,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200984%) or LH (WMD: 0.11\u2009IU\/L, 95% CI: \u22120.38, 0.60,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.66,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200975%), but it significantly increased the LH\/FSH ratio (WMD: 0.24%, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.43,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u200993%). Additionally, the effect size was sensitive to one study for FSH, LH and LH\/FSH ratio following the sensitivity analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our meta\u2010analysis, the largest one conducted to date, indicates that metformin does not significantly affect circulating gonadotropin levels in reproductive\u2010age women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T10:33:41Z","timestamp":1774607621000},"page":"4573-4586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Metformin Treatment on Gonadotropin Levels in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of 51 Randomised Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Krysiak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Silesia  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Simental\u2010Mend\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopedic Trauma Service, \u2018Dr. Jos\u00e9 Eleuterio Gonz\u00e1lez\u2019 University Hospital, School of Medicine Universidad Autonoma De Nuevo Leon  Monterrey Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3617-4921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis E.","family":"Simental\u2010Mend\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad De Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica, Delegaci\u00f3n Durango Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social  Durango 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