{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:56:53Z","timestamp":1786121813145,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the clinical characteristics of weight loss drugs (WLDs) users in Norway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nested population\u2010based case\u2013control study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nationwide healthcare registries with data on dispensed medications and healthcare diagnoses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals aged 18\u201374\u2009years initiating WLDs during 2023\u20132024, categorised by drugs: semaglutide (only Wegovy), liraglutide (only Saxenda), tirzepatide, bupropion\u2010naltrexone or orlistat. Each WLD user was matched with five age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched population controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comorbidities diagnosed in the 2\u2009years preceding initiation of WLD use and comedications dispensed in the preceding year, analysed using conditional logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>150\u2009036 individuals initiated semaglutide, 4603 liraglutide, 3596 tirzepatide, 31\u2009172 bupropion\u2013naltrexone and 1411 orlistat. Among WLD users, 71%\u201378% were registered with at least one comorbidity, compared with 49%\u201351% in controls. Nineteen percent to 24% of WLD users had four or more comorbidities. Hypertension was observed among 32%\u201338% of WLD users versus 17%\u201320% of controls; hyperlipidaemias: 20%\u201324% versus 12%\u201315%; sleep apnoea: 7%\u201311% versus 2%\u20133%; back pain: 15%\u201320% versus 10%\u201311%; opioids: 24%\u201330% versus 13%\u201315%; antidepressants: 20%\u201324% versus 10%\u201311%. Having only a basic level of education (\u2264\u200910\u2009years) was more common among WLD users than among controls (20%\u201328% vs. 17%), except for tirzepatide users, where the education level distribution was as for controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>WLD use is rapidly increasing, with users often having complex comorbidities. Understanding these patterns helps ensure that medications are used as intended. Like other countries with universal health systems, Norway must address the high cost of obesity treatments and mitigate health disparities to ensure access for those most likely to benefit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T01:57:51Z","timestamp":1778032671000},"page":"6312-6323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Characteristics of Users of Weight Loss Drugs: Population\u2010Based Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4176-8257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inger Johanne","family":"Bakken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases Norwegian Institute of Public Health  Oslo 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