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Randomised controlled trials comparing T cell\u2010targeted immunotherapeutic agents with placebo in patients with newly diagnosed T1D were included. The primary outcome was change in the area under the curve (AUC) of C\u2010peptide, whereas the secondary outcomes included change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, change in daily insulin dose, and adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010one trials involving 1970 participants were included in this study. Compared with the control treatment, T cell\u2010targeted immunotherapy significantly increased the C\u2010peptide AUC, with SMDs of 0.38 (95% CI: 0.19\u20130.57;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) at 6\u2009months, 0.41 (95% CI: 0.12\u20130.69;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005) at 12\u2009months, 0.48 (95% CI: 0.32\u20130.65;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) at 18\u2009months, and 0.49 (95% CI: 0.32\u20130.65;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) at 24\u2009months. Consistently, this therapy also reduced HbA1c levels and daily insulin dose at all time points (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Subgroups with younger age (&lt;\u200918\u2009years), worse baseline metabolic status, and single\u2010blind or open\u2010label design showed greater efficacy in the early phase of therapy. The risks of total and serious adverse events were comparable between the intervention and control groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>T cell\u2010targeted immunotherapy provides sustained preservation of \u03b2\u2010cell function and improvements in HbA1c levels and insulin requirements for at least 24\u2009months in patients with newly diagnosed T1D.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:15:28Z","timestamp":1777940128000},"page":"6265-6279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of T Cell\u2010Targeted Immunotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Yimeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuemin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minxue","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuerong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiajie","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, 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