{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T00:14:50Z","timestamp":1789172090431,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the association between glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonist (GLP\u20101 RA) initiation and adverse gastrointestinal, renal, respiratory\u00a0and psychiatric outcomes among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database (2016\u20132023) following a target trial emulation framework. Participants were aged 18\u2009years or older with OUD and eligible for GLP\u20101 RA treatment for type 2 diabetes or obesity. Ten prespecified safety outcomes were assessed. For each prespecified outcome, separate analytic cohorts of GLP\u20101 RA users and non\u2010users were created based on time\u2010conditional propensity score matching. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated comparing GLP\u20101 RA users with non\u2010users, with follow\u2010up until outcome occurrence, disenrollment or end of the study period (December 2023), whichever came first.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For each prespecified outcome, the size of the matched cohorts varied from 1472 to 2329 GLP\u20101 RA users (and an equal number of non\u2010users), depending on outcome\u2010specific eligibility criteria. For the gastrointestinal outcomes, GLP\u20101 RA use was associated with a lower risk of pancreatitis (aHR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45\u20130.93), with no increased risk of gastroparesis. No increased risks were observed for renal (AKI) or respiratory (aspiration pneumonitis) outcomes. Among psychiatric outcomes, lower risks were observed for insomnia (0.78; 0.68\u20130.89) and anxiety (0.76; 0.67\u20130.86), with no increased risk for depression, stress\u2010related disorders, eating disorders\u00a0and suicidal behaviour or ideation. Findings were generally consistent across subgroups stratified by age, sex and type 2 diabetes status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a large cohort of commercially insured individuals with OUD, GLP\u20101 RA initiation was not associated with increased adverse gastrointestinal, renal, respiratory or psychiatric outcomes and was associated with lower risks of pancreatitis, insomnia and anxiety. While the possibility of residual confounding cannot be excluded, these data support the safety of GLP\u20101 RAs when used for approved indications in patients with OUD and inform ongoing repurposing efforts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T01:15:29Z","timestamp":1779153329000},"page":"6861-6873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association of\n                    <scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 Receptor Agonist Use With Safety Outcomes in Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder: A Target Trial Emulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Tahmid","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy University of Florida  Gainesville Florida 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