{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:41:57Z","timestamp":1789587717008,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YG2025ZD10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YG2025ZD10"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Similar to blood, saliva contains a broad range of biomarkers and may offer a non\u2010invasive, repeatable specimen for endocrine and metabolic assessment. This review aims to synthesise and evaluate recent advances in the clinical translation of salivary biomarkers, while providing a critical assessment of the diagnostic reliability and clinical potential of key salivary biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect were searched for English\u2010language articles published up to July 2025, with emphasis on studies from 2020 to 2025. We included articles with a focus on the clinical translation of salivary biomarkers for endocrine and metabolic disorders. The relevant studies on the physiology underlying the synthesis and transport of salivary biomarkers were also identified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Late\u2010night salivary cortisol is the most clinically established marker and is guideline\u2010endorsed for Cushing's syndrome, while salivary cortisone may improve the diagnostic accuracy. Salivary glycaemic biomarkers, such as glucose, 1,5\u2010anhydroglucitol, fructosamine, glycated albumin and \u03b1\u2010amylase, show potential for diabetes screening or monitoring. Salivary uric acid, inflammatory factors and adipokines may reflect hyperuricaemia, obesity and metabolic inflammation. However, most biomarkers remain exploratory and their clinical translation is limited by inconsistent collection procedures, oral disease, medication effects and analytical platforms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Salivary biomarkers offer a promising non\u2010invasive approach for assessment of endocrine and metabolic disorders. Standardised procedures and large\u2010scale multicentre validation are needed to define reliable clinical cutoffs and perform comparisons with blood\u2010based reference standards. Applications for machine learning and wearable sensing technology can further promote clinical translation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T08:09:22Z","timestamp":1780646962000},"page":"6561-6575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical Implications and Research Progress of Salivary Biomarkers for Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Chuyan","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus  Shanghai 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