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Eligible studies were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing AOMs with placebo during the weight\u2010maintenance phase in adults with overweight or obesity after initial weight loss achieved through lifestyle, dietary, surgical or pharmacological interventions. Outcomes included anthropometric indices, cardiometabolic measures, safety endpoints, quality of life and neuropsychiatric adverse events. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) and odds ratios (ORs), each with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were pooled for continuous and categorical outcomes, respectively, using fixed\u2010effect or random\u2010effects models as appropriate. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE framework. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420261293040).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 12 RCTs comprising 4915 participants met the inclusion criteria. Compared with placebo, AOM therapy during the weight\u2010maintenance phase was associated with prevention of weight regain and additional improvements in anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes. AOMs led to further reductions in body weight (BW, WMD: \u22128.68\u2009kg, 95% CI: \u221213.25 to \u22124.11), waist circumference (WC, WMD: \u22127.16\u2009cm, 95% CI: \u221210.34 to \u22123.98) and body mass index (BMI, WMD: \u22123.58\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , 95% CI: \u22125.69 to \u22121.46). Additional benefits were observed for triglycerides, total cholesterol, low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Gastrointestinal adverse events were more common with AOMs, whereas serious adverse events were not significantly increased. Neuropsychiatric adverse events were generally comparable between groups, and available quality\u2010of\u2010life measures favoured AOM treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AOM therapy during the weight\u2010maintenance phase can help prevent weight regain, provide further reductions in body weight and improve cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with overweight or obesity. Gastrointestinal adverse events were more common with AOMs, whereas serious adverse events were not significantly increased. Further long\u2010term trials are needed to clarify optimal treatment strategies and safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.71083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T03:07:32Z","timestamp":1783652852000},"page":"8913-8924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Anti\u2010Obesity Medications for Weight Loss Maintenance in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Zhinan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruitang","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5343-4596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2025.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25031882"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.3520"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2026.101124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.250502"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eprac.2023.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(24)00351\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj\u20102025\u2010085304"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2025.6112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18010012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17040617"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/amp0000517"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695\u2010024\u201007658\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679\u2010021\u201000425\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20967"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2646"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuae128"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.5","author":"Higgins J. 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