{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T04:41:18Z","timestamp":1792384878998,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["443162\/2020\u20104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443162\/2020\u20104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dom-pubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Obesity Metabolism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to perform an exploratory characterisation of metabolic phenotypes in primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using a predefined approach and examine their association with vitamin D status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross\u2010sectional study included 178 participants randomly selected in Sergipe, Brazil. Phenotypic clusters were derived using body mass index (BMI), glycated haemoglobin levels, age at diagnosis, insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) for insulin resistance) and \u03b2\u2010cell function (HOMA\u2010B). To explore differences across phenotypes, we evaluated high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein [hs\u2010CRP] and serum ferritin levels, waist circumference and BMI, serum concentrations of 25\u2010hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and therapeutic profile. Clustering was performed using the K\u2010medoids algorithm. Group comparisons were performed using the Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Fisher's exact tests and associations were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. A\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value of &lt;\u20090.05 was considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four metabolic phenotypes were identified: two more severe clusters (severe insulin\u2010deficient diabetes (SIDD)\u2010like and severe insulin\u2010resistant diabetes\u2010like) and two milder clusters (mild obesity\u2010related diabetes (MOD)\u2010like and mild age\u2010related diabetes (MARD)\u2010like). Significant differences were observed in age, insulin use, waist circumference and fasting glucose, triglycerides and hs\u2010CRP levels. Median 25(OH)D levels were lower in severe phenotypes compared with milder phenotypes. The SIDD\u2010like group, characterised by marked insulin deficiency, showed 3.68\u2010fold higher odds of vitamin D insufficiency (&lt;\u200930\u2009ng\/mL) compared with the MARD\u2010like phenotype (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The metabolic phenotypes were explored in a primary care T2DM cohort, supporting their reproducibility across clinical settings. Vitamin D status varied by phenotype severity, with more severe phenotypes more likely to exhibit insufficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.71275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T02:48:06Z","timestamp":1787885286000},"page":"10603-10614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploratory Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Metabolic Phenotypes and Their Association With Vitamin D Status in Primary Care Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1710-0836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliane Viana","family":"Pires","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Sergipe  S\u00e3o Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o Brazil"},{"name":"Nutrition Sciences 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