{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T18:12:34Z","timestamp":1779127954178,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,10]],"date-time":"2013-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional mitral regurgitation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>) is prevalent among patients with left ventricular (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content>) dysfunction and is associated with a poorer prognosis. Our aim was to assess the primary determinants of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> severity in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICM<\/jats:styled-content>) and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with functional <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> secondary to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICM<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a055) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> (n\u00a0=\u00a048) were prospectively enrolled. Effective regurgitant orifice (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERO<\/jats:styled-content>) area, global <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> remodeling, regional wall\u2010motion abnormalities, and mitral apparatus deformity indices were assessed utilizing conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICM<\/jats:styled-content> patients had more severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> patients despite similar ejection fraction and functional status (ERO\u00a0=\u00a00.16\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.08\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> vs. ERO\u00a0=\u00a00.12\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.70\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, respectively, P\u00a0=\u00a00.002). Regional myocardial systolic velocities in mid\u2010inferior and mid\u2010lateral wall were negatively correlated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERO<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICM<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified coaptation height as the only independent determinant of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERO<\/jats:styled-content> in both groups. In a subset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICM<\/jats:styled-content> patients (n\u00a0=\u00a09) with relatively high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ERO<\/jats:styled-content> despite low coaptation height, a higher prevalence of left bundle branch block was detected (88.9% vs. 46.7%, P\u00a0=\u00a00.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> severity was chiefly determined by the extent of mitral apparatus deformity, and coaptation height can provide a rapid estimation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> severity in heart failure patients. Additional contributory mechanisms in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICM<\/jats:styled-content> patients include depressed myocardial systolic velocities in posteromedial papillary muscle attaching site and evidence of global <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> dyssynchrony.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,10]],"date-time":"2013-08-10T10:42:23Z","timestamp":1376131343000},"page":"21-28","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Determinants of Functional Mitral Regurgitation Severity in Patients with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy versus Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Dimitrios M.","family":"Konstantinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology AHEPA University Hospital Aristotle University Medical School Thessaloniki Greece"},{"name":"Heart Failure Care Group Royal 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