{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T03:38:00Z","timestamp":1774496280911,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TOF<\/jats:styled-content>) may affect atrial mechanics. This study aimed to explore right atrial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content>) and left atrial (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content>) mechanics in repaired <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TOF<\/jats:styled-content> patients and their relationship with ventricular diastolic function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010four patients (36 males), aged 17.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.3\u00a0years, who had undergone <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TOF<\/jats:styled-content> repair at 3.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.3\u00a0years and 40 healthy subjects aged 16.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.3\u00a0years (P\u00a0=\u00a00.57) were studied. Right and LA peak positive, peak negative, and total strain, strain rate at ventricular systole (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>), early diastole (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ed<\/jats:sub>), and atrial contraction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ac<\/jats:sub>), and electromechanical delay were determined using speckle tracking echocardiography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STE<\/jats:styled-content>). Ventricular diastolic function was assessed by tissue Doppler imaging and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STE<\/jats:styled-content>. Ventricular volumes and pulmonary regurgitant volume were derived from 3D echocardiography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with controls, patients had significantly lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> peak positive and total strain, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ed<\/jats:sub>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ac<\/jats:sub> (all P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The timing of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content> (178\u00a0\u00b1\u00a033\u00a0msec vs. 152\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017\u00a0msec, P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> (170\u00a0\u00b1\u00a032\u00a0msec vs. 152\u00a0\u00b1\u00a024\u00a0msec, P\u00a0=\u00a00.006) electromechanical coupling (EMC) was significantly longer in patients than in controls. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content> total strain, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ed<\/jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ac<\/jats:sub>, and EMC correlated positively with corresponding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> parameters (all P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RA<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA<\/jats:styled-content> total strain and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ed<\/jats:sub> were associated positively with diastolic annular velocities and strain rates of respective ventricles (all P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LA SR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>ed<\/jats:sub> correlated negatively with pulmonary regurgitant volume (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.33, P\u00a0=\u00a00.016) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RV<\/jats:styled-content> end\u2010diastolic volume (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.33, P\u00a0=\u00a00.015).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mechanics of both atria are impaired in patients after repair of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TOF<\/jats:styled-content> and are associated with diastolic performance of the respective ventricles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.12611","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,4]],"date-time":"2014-04-04T09:52:35Z","timestamp":1396605155000},"page":"126-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Atrial Mechanics after Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yiu\u2010fai","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Paediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Queen Mary Hospital The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 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