{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:48:27Z","timestamp":1787014107488,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,2]],"date-time":"2015-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Transesophageal echocardiogram (\n TEE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a gold standard test for diagnosis of left atrial (\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) thrombus, but it has limited sensitivity for identification of small thrombi within side lobes. Thus, the absence of visualizing a left atrial appendage (\n LAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) thrombus does not equate with the absence of a\n LAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n \n To assess the predictive value of mitral annular systolic velocity (Sa) and D\u2010dimer for the detection of\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus and spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (\n SEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in mitral stenosis (\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) patients with sinus rhythm (\n SR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Transthoracic echocardiogram,\n TEE<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and D\u2010dimer analysis were performed in 104 severe\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients and divided them into three groups: Group I:no\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus or\n SEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; Group\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n LA SEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n only; and Group\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n :\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Group\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n had more severe New York Heart Association (\n NYHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) class (\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010\n IV<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) dyspnea and lower Sa (6.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.7 vs.10.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0cm\/sec), lower\n LAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n late emptying velocity (17.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.1 vs. 24.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.2\u00a0cm\/sec), larger\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n transverse dimension, and\n LAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n area (\n LAAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) than group I+\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Mean D\u2010dimer levels were higher in groups\n III<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n II<\/jats:styled-content>\n than in group I. In multivariate analysis Sa, D\u2010dimer levels,\n LAAA<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and\n NYHA<\/jats:styled-content>\n class were independent predictors of\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus.\n ROC<\/jats:styled-content>\n curve analysis revealed that higher Sa >8\u00a0cm\/sec and lower D\u2010dimer levels <370\u00a0\n \u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n g\/L predict the absence of\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus and lower Sa <8\u00a0cm\/sec and higher D\u2010dimer levels >510\u00a0\n \u03bc<\/jats:italic>\n g\/L predict the presence of\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Measurement of Sa and D\u2010dimer levels is necessary for better assessment of\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus and\n SEC<\/jats:styled-content>\n , for identification of patients who are at high risk for\n LA<\/jats:styled-content>\n thrombus formation and for initiation of prophylactic anticoagulation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,3]],"date-time":"2015-08-03T00:19:58Z","timestamp":1438561198000},"page":"264-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predictive Value of D\u2010Dimer Levels and Tissue Doppler Mitral Annular Systolic Velocity for Detection of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Mitral Stenosis in Sinus Rhythm"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Naresh","family":"Kurakula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences Tirupati India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajasekhar","family":"Durgaprasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences Tirupati 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