{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T15:22:02Z","timestamp":1789399322550,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,24]],"date-time":"2016-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH<\/jats:styled-content>) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. There is a strong association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and LVH<\/jats:styled-content> in hypertensive patients. However, the relation between LVH<\/jats:styled-content> and MetS in the absence of hypertension has not been studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Aim of the Work<\/jats:title>To study the impact of MetS on LV<\/jats:styled-content> mass in patients without hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title>Fifty MetS patients without hypertension and 50 healthy control subjects were enrolled. Twelve\u2010lead electrocardiography, laboratory testing, and echocardiography were done with assessment of the left ventricular diastolic (LVEDD<\/jats:styled-content>) and systolic dimensions (LVESD<\/jats:styled-content>), fraction of shortening (FS<\/jats:styled-content>), ejection fraction (EF<\/jats:styled-content>), Doppler\u2010derived mitral valve flow velocity waves (E\u2010wave, A\u2010wave, E\/A ratio), left ventricular mass and mass index (LVMI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding LVEDD<\/jats:styled-content>, LVESD<\/jats:styled-content>, FS<\/jats:styled-content>, EF<\/jats:styled-content>, E\u2010wave velocity, A\u2010wave velocity, or E\/A ratio. However, mean posterior wall thickness, IVST, LV<\/jats:styled-content> mass, LVMI<\/jats:styled-content>, and incidence of LVH<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly higher in MetS patients. There was a significant positive correlation between LVMI<\/jats:styled-content> and blood glucose level (r = 0.528, P < 0.00001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (r = 0.416, P < 0.0001), triglycerides level (r = 0.535, P < 0.00001), and obesity (r = 0.307, p = 0.0019). There was a significant negative correlation between LVMI<\/jats:styled-content> and HDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C level (r = \u22120.377, P < 0.0001). The same parameters were predictors for LVH<\/jats:styled-content> in a logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Even in the absence of hypertension, MetS patients had significantly higher LV<\/jats:styled-content> wall thickness, LV<\/jats:styled-content> mass and LVMI<\/jats:styled-content>, and incidence of LVH<\/jats:styled-content> than control subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,25]],"date-time":"2016-04-25T03:48:45Z","timestamp":1461556125000},"page":"1284-1289","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["What Is the Effect of Metabolic Syndrome without Hypertension on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Mohammad M.","family":"Al\u2010Daydamony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"El\u2010Tahlawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.37.12.1595"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-10-831"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome is associated with left ventricular dilatation in primary hypertension","volume":"6","author":"Ratto E","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Human 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