{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T16:35:14Z","timestamp":1770741314012,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]],"date-time":"2017-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"Aims<\/jats:title>Patients with significant (3+\/4+) aortic regurgitation (AR<\/jats:styled-content>) require careful monitoring or valve surgery. We sought\u00a0to evaluate the diagnostic performance of aortic and pulmonary flow comparison in identifying patients with significant AR<\/jats:styled-content>, by echocardiography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Method<\/jats:title>Two hundred forty\u2010six patients with more than trivial AR<\/jats:styled-content> were prospectively enrolled from three centers. Aortic regurgitation (AR<\/jats:styled-content>) severity was assessed by an expert using the currently recommended integrative approach. Aortic and pulmonary flows were independently assessed by another investigator to calculate the regurgitant fraction (RF<\/jats:styled-content>), the aortic to pulmonary flow ratio (Qao\/Qp) and the aortic to pulmonary velocity\u2010time integral (VTI<\/jats:styled-content>ao\/VTI<\/jats:styled-content>p) ratio. The control group consisted of 195 patients without AR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A significant correlation was observed between AR<\/jats:styled-content> grading and RF<\/jats:styled-content> (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.82, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.0001) and Qao\/Qp (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.81, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.0001), but the correlation was modest for VTI<\/jats:styled-content>ao\/VTI<\/jats:styled-content>p ratio (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.63; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.0001). The accuracy of RF<\/jats:styled-content> and Qao\/Qp ratio to identify patients with significant AR<\/jats:styled-content> was excellent (0.96 and 0.95, respectively), but was significantly lower for VTI<\/jats:styled-content>ao\/VTI<\/jats:styled-content>p ratio at 0.82. A RF<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0>\u00a040% indicated grade 3 or 4 AR<\/jats:styled-content> with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 93%. A Qao\/Qp ratio\u00a0>\u00a01.6 indicated grade 3 or 4 AR<\/jats:styled-content> with a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 89%. The VTI<\/jats:styled-content>ao\/VTI<\/jats:styled-content>p ratio was not helpful in identifying patients with significant AR<\/jats:styled-content>, as a wide overlap was found between 1+\/2+ and 3+\/4+ patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Regurgitant fraction (RF<\/jats:styled-content>) and Qao\/Qp are helpful in identifying significant AR<\/jats:styled-content>. The assessment of Doppler aortic\/pulmonary flow should be incorporated in the comprehensive evaluation of AR<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]],"date-time":"2017-11-08T08:52:23Z","timestamp":1510131143000},"page":"1872-1881","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quantitative assessment of aortic regurgitation by Doppler echocardiography: Usefulness of the comparison of aortic and pulmonary flows"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Katell","family":"Gallais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grenoble Medical University Center La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvestre","family":"Mar\u00e9chaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Free Faculty of Medecine Department of Cardiology Hospitals Network of the Catholic Institute of Lille Catholic University of Lille Lille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Czitrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Montsouris Mutualist Institute Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carole","family":"Saunier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grenoble Medical University Center La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00eblle\u2010Ashley","family":"Guerbaai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Department Public Health University of Basel Basel Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Laure","family":"Castel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Free Faculty of Medecine Department of Cardiology Hospitals Network of the Catholic Institute of Lille Catholic University of Lille Lille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Delelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Free Faculty of Medecine Department of Cardiology Hospitals Network of the Catholic Institute of Lille Catholic University of Lille Lille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Tribouilloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Amiens Medical University Center Amiens France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7645-9844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre\u2010Vladimir","family":"Ennezat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Grenoble Medical University Center La Tronche France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.18.1949"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jeq030"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"567","article-title":"Determination of vena contracta and its value in evaluating severity of aortic regurgitation","volume":"11","author":"Eren M","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Heart Valve Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12947-015-0016-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.5.558"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8175.2005.00171.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00356-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.65.1.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.61.4.336"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(86)80188-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"287","article-title":"Measurement by Doppler echocardiography of the ratio of pulmonary\/systemic flow rates in atrial septal defects. 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