{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T09:20:41Z","timestamp":1762507241830,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,26]],"date-time":"2017-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Thromboembolic events are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with mitral stenosis (MS<\/jats:styled-content>). This study aims to investigate left atrial spontaneous echo contrast (LA SEC<\/jats:styled-content>), mitral annular systolic velocity (Sa\u2010wave), left atrial appendage (LAA<\/jats:styled-content>) late emptying velocity (LAAEV<\/jats:styled-content>), LAA<\/jats:styled-content> filling velocity (LAAFV<\/jats:styled-content>) pre\u2010 and postpercutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV<\/jats:styled-content>) for MS<\/jats:styled-content>. This also aims to study the association of LA SEC<\/jats:styled-content> with inflammatory marker, high\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP<\/jats:styled-content>) in MS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The study population consisted of 100 patients with symptomatic MS<\/jats:styled-content> with sinus rhythm who underwent PBMV<\/jats:styled-content>. Transthoracic echo (TTE<\/jats:styled-content>), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI<\/jats:styled-content>), and transesophageal echo (TEE<\/jats:styled-content>) examinations were carried out before and 14\u00a0days following PBMV<\/jats:styled-content>. High\u2010sensitivity C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP<\/jats:styled-content>) was measured at the time of admission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The mean age was 33.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010.3\u00a0years with female preponderance (71%). There was a decrease in SEC<\/jats:styled-content> grading, (pre\u2010PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> 2.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.9 and post\u2010PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> 0.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.01), increase in LAAEV<\/jats:styled-content> (pre\u2010PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> 23.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.9\u00a0cm\/s and post\u2010PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> 40.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.4\u00a0cm\/s; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.01), and LAAFV<\/jats:styled-content> (pre\u2010PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> 31.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.3\u00a0cm\/s and post\u2010PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> 51.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.7\u00a0cm\/s; P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.01).A significant positive correlation was present between LAAEV<\/jats:styled-content> and Sa\u2010wave (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.52, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.01). Correlation between hs\u2010CRP<\/jats:styled-content> and SEC<\/jats:styled-content> was positive and significant (r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.33, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.01). Optimal cutoff value of hs\u2010CRP<\/jats:styled-content> for prediction of moderate to dense SEC<\/jats:styled-content> was >2.3\u00a0mg\/dL, the cutoff value of Sa\u2010wave was\u2264 5.5\u00a0cm\/s for prediction of the presence of inactive LAA<\/jats:styled-content> (LAAEV<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0<\u00a025\u00a0cm\/s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Mitral annular systolic velocity (Sa\u2010wave) is an independent predictor of inactive LAA<\/jats:styled-content> and a useful parameter in estimating inactive LAA<\/jats:styled-content> in MS<\/jats:styled-content>. Sa\u2010wave and hs\u2010CRP<\/jats:styled-content> are independent predictors for SEC<\/jats:styled-content>. PBMV<\/jats:styled-content> improves LAA<\/jats:styled-content> function in patients with MS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,26]],"date-time":"2017-11-26T18:02:55Z","timestamp":1511719375000},"page":"162-169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Spontaneous left atrial echo contrast, mitral annular systolic velocity, and left atrial appendage late emptying velocity in predicting improvement of left atrial function after percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Tirumala Naresh","family":"Arava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences Tirupati 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