{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:31:38Z","timestamp":1778632298272,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,8]],"date-time":"2017-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007405","name":"Hjerteforeningen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007405","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001734","name":"K\u00f8benhavns Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001734","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD<\/jats:styled-content>) is a potential cause of myocardial ischemia and may affect myocardial function at rest and during stress. We investigated whether CMD<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with left ventricular diastolic and systolic function at rest and during pharmacologically induced hyperemic stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>In a prospective cohort study, we included 963 women with angina, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>) >45%, and an invasive coronary angiogram without significant stenosis (<50%). Parameters of left ventricular diastolic function, LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>, speckle tracking\u2013derived global longitudinal strain (GLS<\/jats:styled-content>), and coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR<\/jats:styled-content>) were assessed by transthoracic echocardiography at rest and during dipyridamole stress. The GLS<\/jats:styled-content> and LVEF<\/jats:styled-content> reserves were defined as the absolute increases in GLS<\/jats:styled-content> and LVEF<\/jats:styled-content> during stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) was measured in 919 women of whom 26% had CMD<\/jats:styled-content> (defined as CFVR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0<\u00a02). Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD<\/jats:styled-content>) was associated with higher age and a higher resting heart rate. Women with CMD<\/jats:styled-content> had a reduced GLS<\/jats:styled-content> reserve (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005), while we found no association between CFVR<\/jats:styled-content> and LVEF<\/jats:styled-content> at rest, GLS<\/jats:styled-content> at rest, or the LVEF<\/jats:styled-content> reserve, respectively. Global longitudinal strain (GLS<\/jats:styled-content>) reserve remained associated with CFVR<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.002) in a multivariable regression analysis adjusted for age, hemodynamic variables, and GLS<\/jats:styled-content> at rest. In age\u2010adjusted analysis, women with low CFVR<\/jats:styled-content> had no signs of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction measured by echocardiography at rest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>The GLS<\/jats:styled-content> reserve was significantly lower in women with CMD<\/jats:styled-content>. The mechanisms underlying the association between CMD<\/jats:styled-content> and GLS<\/jats:styled-content> reserve warrant further study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,9]],"date-time":"2017-12-09T04:02:47Z","timestamp":1512792167000},"page":"196-203","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Coronary microvascular dysfunction and myocardial contractile reserve in women with angina and no obstructive coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3651-3348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie M.","family":"Michelsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology 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