{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T06:08:22Z","timestamp":1776319702712,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]],"date-time":"2018-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"Aim<\/jats:title>To study the changes of mitral valve (MV<\/jats:styled-content>) in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010related mitral regurgitation (MR<\/jats:styled-content>) and the relationship between MV<\/jats:styled-content> parameters and the enlarged left atrium (LA<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>A total of 43 patients with NVAF<\/jats:styled-content> were divided into two groups: (1) the MR<\/jats:styled-content>1 group with mild MR<\/jats:styled-content> and (2) the MR<\/jats:styled-content>2 group with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe MR<\/jats:styled-content>. Real time 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE<\/jats:styled-content>) was performed to detect the structure of MV<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics among the three groups. As compared with the control group, anterolateral to posteromedial diameter of the annulus (DALP<\/jats:styled-content>m), anterior to posterior diameter (DAP<\/jats:styled-content>), three\u2010dimensional circumference (C3D), two\u2010dimensional area (A2D), three\u2010dimensional area (A3D), exposed area of the leaflets (A3DE<\/jats:styled-content>), and NPA<\/jats:styled-content> (nonplanar angle) were significantly increased, whereas height and ellipticity were significantly decreased in the MR<\/jats:styled-content>1 group and MR<\/jats:styled-content>2 group. The overall longitudinal strain of left atrium (GLS<\/jats:styled-content>) was significantly decreased in the MR<\/jats:styled-content>1 and MR<\/jats:styled-content>2 groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was inversely correlated with DALP<\/jats:styled-content>m, DAP<\/jats:styled-content>, C3D, A2D, A3D, A3DE<\/jats:styled-content>, and NPA<\/jats:styled-content>, whereas positively correlated with height, ellipticity, and the leaflet tenting height in both MR<\/jats:styled-content>1 and MR<\/jats:styled-content>2 groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Even in NVAF<\/jats:styled-content> patients with mild MR<\/jats:styled-content>, the structure of MV<\/jats:styled-content> was changed intensively with the expansion and deformation of the \u201csaddle shape\u201d structure. The deformation of MV<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with the decreased function of LA<\/jats:styled-content>. Our results may provide novel insight into evaluation risk factors leading to AF<\/jats:styled-content> recurrence after ablation procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]],"date-time":"2018-01-19T07:54:32Z","timestamp":1516348472000},"page":"481-486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessment of mitral annulus and mitral leaflet in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients with various degrees of mitral regurgitation: Real time 3D transesophageal echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yongjuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Tianjin Chest Hospital Tian Jin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanbo","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Tianjin Chest Hospital Tian Jin 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