{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:17:16Z","timestamp":1791274636394,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:title>Global longitudinal strain (GLS<\/jats:styled-content>) is increasingly accepted as a predictor of mortality in various clinical settings. This study tested the hypothesis that GLS<\/jats:styled-content> is associated with increased event rate in patients with extracardiac sarcoidosis, who have no overt symptoms of cardiovascular disease and preserved ejection fraction (EF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We retrospectively studied 117 patients with extracardiac sarcoidosis and 45 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls, who underwent comprehensive echocardiographic study, while GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was measured by an offline speckle tracking algorithm. Patients who had signs and symptoms of cardiovascular disease at the time of the examination were excluded from the study. Patients were followed for an average of 57.1\u00a0months. Primary endpoint was defined as a composite endpoint of heart failure\u2010related hospitalizations, need for device therapy, arrhythmias, and all\u2010cause mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The age of patients was 42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00a0years old (43 men). Events were recorded in 10 patients (8.5%). Tissue Doppler revealed E\/Em 7.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.5, while EF<\/jats:styled-content> was 54.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.5%. Global longitudinal strain was 14.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03%, and a cutoff value \u2264\u221213.6% for GLS<\/jats:styled-content> was considered more associated with adverse outcomes (AUC<\/jats:styled-content> 0.84). After adjustment for multiple potential confounders (age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, E\/Em, and EF<\/jats:styled-content>), GLS<\/jats:styled-content> remained strongly associated with adverse outcomes (HR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.8, 0.63 to 0.98 95% C.I, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>In conclusion, among patients with extracardiac sarcoidosis and no symptoms of cardiovascular disease, even when EF<\/jats:styled-content> is preserved, GLS<\/jats:styled-content> seems to be strongly associated with adverse future events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.13846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T17:46:41Z","timestamp":1519840001000},"page":"804-808","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Global longitudinal strain and long\u2010term outcomes in asymptomatic extracardiac sarcoid patients with no apparent cardiovascular disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0359-329X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Felekos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology University of Athens Hippokration Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Constantina","family":"Aggeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology University of Athens Hippokration Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Gialafos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology University of Athens Hippokration Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Kouranos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interstitial Lung Disease Unit Royal Brompton Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aggeliki","family":"Rapti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Outpatient Sarcoidosis Clinic General Hospital of Chest Diseases \u201cSotiria\u201d Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Sfikakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine and Joint Rheumatology Academic Program School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Koulouris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Medical School University of Athens General Hospital of Chest Diseases \u201cSotiria\u201d Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitris","family":"Tousoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Cardiology University of Athens Hippokration Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0b013e3181a1f763"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"949","article-title":"Advances in imaging for diagnosis and management of cardiac sarcoidosis","volume":"16","author":"Aggarwal NR","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc 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