{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:28:42Z","timestamp":1788496122353,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"Aims<\/jats:title>In addition to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of diabetic cardiomyopathy is increasingly recognized in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM<\/jats:styled-content>). We aimed to identify the occurrence of subclinical markers of cardiovascular risk and cardiac dysfunction and assess their relation to clinical parameters in asymptomatic patients with T1DM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods and results<\/jats:title>A total of 102 patients (mean age 46\u00a0years [20\u201373], 62% male) with a history of T1DM<\/jats:styled-content> ranging from 5 to 47\u00a0years underwent standard 2D and pulse\u2010wave tissue Doppler echocardiography (Philips iE<\/jats:styled-content>33) and computerized tomography for assessment of coronary calcium score (CACS<\/jats:styled-content>) and visceral fat. Global peak longitudinal strain (GPLSS<\/jats:styled-content>, speckle tracking) was calculated by offline analysis (Qlab 9.0). Whereas systolic function was preserved in all patients (LVEF<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0>\u00a050%), subclinical dysfunction (defined as global longitudinal peak systolic strain [GLPSS<\/jats:styled-content>] of >\u221220%) was present in 39% and 66% had diastolic dysfunction. Fifty patients had a CACS<\/jats:styled-content> above the 50th percentile according to age and gender. These patients were older, more obese, had higher levels of visceral fat, higher SBP<\/jats:styled-content> and increased levels of LDL<\/jats:styled-content> cholesterol. Higher CACS<\/jats:styled-content> meant increased risk of diastolic and subclinical systolic dysfunction. However, decreased GLPSS<\/jats:styled-content> was also detected in 30% of patients with CACS<\/jats:styled-content> of <50th percentile. Stepwise linear regression analysis indicated visceral fat as a strong predictor of abnormal GPLSS<\/jats:styled-content> and CACS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction and atherosclerosis were highly prevalent in asymptomatic T1DM<\/jats:styled-content>. Abnormal GPLSS<\/jats:styled-content> was noted with or without associated increase in CACS<\/jats:styled-content>. Visceral fat was a strong predictor of increased CACS<\/jats:styled-content> as well as abnormal GLPSS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T06:23:29Z","timestamp":1547619809000},"page":"478-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Abnormal longitudinal peak systolic strain in asymptomatic patients with type I diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"An M.","family":"Van Berendoncks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Antwerp University Hospital Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Van Gaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Diseases Antwerp University Hospital Edegem 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