{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T22:28:15Z","timestamp":1750112895447,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with apical myocardial infarction are at higher risk of developing left ventricular (LV) thrombi. Standard transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is commonly used in assessing cardiac source of embolic cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Contrast\u2010enhanced transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) improves sensitivity for thrombus detection compared with noncontrast TTE, and however for LV apical thrombi, contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and\/or contrast\u2010enhanced computed tomography (CT) outperform both TTE and TEE in some studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 67\u2010year\u2010old man with history of prior myocardial infarction (MI), four\u2010vessel coronary artery bypass surgery, congestive heart failure with LV ejection fraction of 30%, and diabetes mellitus presented to our facility with acute right occipital\u2010parietal stroke and recent history of left lower extremity ischemia. Head and neck MRI and MR angiography found multiple posterior circulation infarcts suggestive of cardio\u2010embolic etiology. TTE image quality was suboptimal even after contrast use to evaluate for LV thrombus, and due to renal insufficiency, MRI or CT was precluded and 3DTEE identified large LV apical thrombus with mobile components.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>3DTEE may increase the detection of LV apical thrombi as well as evaluating its characteristics by live imaging as well as by offline reconstruction. TEE may be a useful diagnostic modality, especially in patients with decreased renal function, where iodinated contrast for cardiac CT or Gadolinium for MRI may be contraindicated. Multimodality imaging studies may further prove the utility of 3D echocardiographic imaging in the detection of LV apical thrombus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T14:07:30Z","timestamp":1576505250000},"page":"142-146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Detection of LV apical thrombus by three\u2010dimensional transesophageal echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0561-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afsoon","family":"Fazlinezhad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Echocardiography Laboratory Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8976-5138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hemalatha","family":"Narayanasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Echocardiography Laboratory Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Wilansky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Echocardiography Laboratory Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3160-9025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tasneem Z.","family":"Naqvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Echocardiography Laboratory Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Scottsdale AZ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.1086"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2015.06.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2015.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.08.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22468\/cvia.2017.00031"}],"container-title":["Echocardiography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fecho.14558","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.14558","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/echo.14558","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.14558","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T11:57:14Z","timestamp":1694087834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/echo.14558"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/echo.14558"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/echo.14558","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-2822","1540-8175"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0742-2822"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1540-8175"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}