{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T11:36:05Z","timestamp":1775820965442,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report commissural fusion as a unique morphologic etiology of early bioprosthetic mitral valve failure in a woman with a history of rheumatic mitral stenosis. She had undergone mitral valve replacement with a 25\u2010mm Edwards Magna Ease bovine pericardial bioprosthesis 3\u00a0years earlier and presented with progressive dyspnea. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed severe bioprosthetic stenosis due to commissural fusion. She underwent percutaneous valve\u2010in\u2010valve implantation with a 26\u2010mm Edwards Sapien 3 prosthesis. Marked symptomatic improvement was noted postprocedurally. We speculate that commissural fusion may be a unique pathologic feature of failing bioprosthetic valves in patients with prior rheumatic mitral valve disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]],"date-time":"2020-03-17T11:17:36Z","timestamp":1584443856000},"page":"637-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Commissural fusion as etiology of bioprosthetic mitral stenosis in a patient with rheumatic heart disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Srilakshmi","family":"Vallabhaneni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology St. Luke's University Health Network Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marsel","family":"Matka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology St. Luke's University Health Network Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Olenchock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery St. Luke's University Health Network Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Sarnoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology St. Luke's University Health Network Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santo","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology St. Luke's University Health Network Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0447-2542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jamshid","family":"Shirani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology St. Luke's University Health Network Bethlehem PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000372"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2015.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030729"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2013.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2012.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2014.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2015.11.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(00)70217-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivs005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2004.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2016.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.13767"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007767"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.01.058"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2007.12.002"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"S464","article-title":"Reoperation in biological and mechanical valve populations: fate of the reoperative patient","volume":"60","author":"Tyers GF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(20)31465-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"134","article-title":"Calcification of bovine pericardium used in cardiac valve bioprostheses. 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