{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T18:25:39Z","timestamp":1758479139535,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006520","name":"Edwards Lifesciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Every heart beat matters #35526255"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Every heart beat matters #35526255"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006520","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies determining the reliability of the World Heart Federation (WHF) anterior mitral valve leaflet (AMVL) measurement are limited by the introduction of bias in their test\u2010retest analyses. This study sought to determine the reliability of the current AMVL measurement while controlling for systematic bias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective analysis of echocardiographic data from 16 patients with previous acute rheumatic fever was performed. Included in this study was an optimized cine loop of the mitral valve (MV) [reader\u2010optimized measurement (ROM]) in the parasternal long\u2010axis view and an optimized still image of the MV obtained from the same cine loop [specialist\u2010optimized image (SOI)]. Each still image and associated cine loop was quadruplicated and randomized to determine intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater agreement and quantify the impact of zoom on AMVL measurement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Specialist\u2010optimized image without zoom reflected the highest degree of agreement in both cohorts with an ICC of 0.29 and 0.46. The agreement in ROM images without zoom was ICC of 0.23 and 0.45. The addition of zoom to SOI decreased agreement further to an ICC of 0.20 and 0.36. The setting associated with the poorest agreement profile was ROI with zoom with an ICC of 0.13 and 0.34, respectively. The intra\u2010rater agreement between readers in both cohorts was moderate across all settings with an ICC ranging between 0.64 and 0.86.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The WHF AMVL measurement is only moderately repeatable within readers and demonstrates poor reproducibility that was not improved by the addition of a zoom\u2010optimized protocol. Given our study findings, we cannot advocate the current WHF AMVL measurement as a reliable assessment for RHD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T05:37:45Z","timestamp":1591853865000},"page":"808-814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Screening for rheumatic heart disease: The reliability of anterior mitral valve leaflet thickness measurement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7410-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luke D.","family":"Hunter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Tygerberg Academic Hospital and University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carl J.","family":"Lombard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa"},{"name":"Biostatistics Unit South African Medical Research Council Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"Monaghan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kings College Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy W.","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Echocardiography Laboratory Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew\u2019s Hospital London UK"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences UCL London UK"},{"name":"William Harvey Research Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brandon M.","family":"Franckeiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Tygerberg Academic Hospital and University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfonso J.K.","family":"Pecoraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Tygerberg Academic Hospital and University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton F.","family":"Doubell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Tygerberg Academic Hospital and University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip G.","family":"Herbst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Tygerberg Academic Hospital and University of Stellenbosch Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2012.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)90971-X"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"134","article-title":"Screening for asymptomatic rheumatic heart disease: Understanding the mechanisms key to the diagnostic criteria","volume":"12","author":"Herbst P","year":"2015","journal-title":"SA Heart"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1324-2881(94)90050-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartasia-2016-010872"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartasia-2019-011233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-014-0925-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.11.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000205"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.201000030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Intrarater reliability","author":"Gwet KL","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wiley Encycl Clin Trials"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1801800408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERP-18-0010"}],"container-title":["Echocardiography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.14751","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/echo.14751","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.14751","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T05:12:26Z","timestamp":1693977146000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/echo.14751"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/echo.14751"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/echo.14751","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-2822","1540-8175"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0742-2822"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1540-8175"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-04-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}