{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T03:27:08Z","timestamp":1785554828433,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the role of peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) through speckle tracking 2D echocardiography for the assessment of structural and functional left atrial (LA) remodeling in a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional study during a 9\u2010month period. T2DM adults aged 18 and above were included. The variables assessed during the study include age and gender of participants, diabetes characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors, clinical anthropometric and hemodynamic parameters, standard echocardiographic parameters, volume\u2010derived LA functions, and 2D PALS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included a total of 102 patients. The mean age was 58\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.7\u00a0years, and the M\/F sex ratio was 1:1.5. Coexistent arterial hypertension (HTN) was observed in more than half (59.8%) of the population sample. Mean 2D PALS was 29.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.9% with 58.8% (95% CI: 50.0\u201368.6) of subjects having a reduced LA strain (ie,&lt;32%). Reservoir and pump functions were the most altered LA volumetric phasic functions. Mean indexed LA maximal volume was 22.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.8\u00a0mL\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. There was a significant association between abnormal PALS and age, Body mass index (BMI), indexed LA volume, <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\u2019 ratio, LA active ejection fraction (pump function), and LA expansion index (reservoir function).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Left atrial remodeling is a recurrent condition in adult T2DM Cameroonians. The reservoir and pump LA functions were the most affected. Assessment of LA global strain allows early detection of LA remodeling with comparison to LA size standard analyses. Age, BMI, indexed LA volume, <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\u2019 ratio, and reservoir and pump LA functions were associated to 2D LA global strain impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.14915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T08:49:33Z","timestamp":1604047773000},"page":"25-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Left atrial structural and functional remodeling study in type 2 diabetic patients in sub\u2010Saharan Africa: Role of left atrial strain by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Alain Patrick","family":"Menanga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8995-5038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris Nad\u00e8ge","family":"Nganou\u2010Gnindjio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Cardiology Department Yaound\u00e9 Central Hospital Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Jules","family":"Ahinaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Sadeu Wafeu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viche","family":"Lade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daryl","family":"Nzokou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9rome","family":"Boombhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Kingue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine and Specialities Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound\u00e9 1 Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital Yaound\u00e9 Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HoitBD WrightFL.Left atrial remodeling.2017;10\u20132.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.117.006036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"607","article-title":"Revue g\u00e9n\u00e9rale Le diab\u00e8te sucr\u00e9 en Afrique subsaharienne: aspects \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques, difficult\u00e9s de prise en charge","volume":"67","author":"Ning SBG","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Trop"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00956-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"R\u00e9antP.Analyse \u00e9chocardiographique des d\u00e9formations myocardiques en speckle tracking. 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