{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T19:38:34Z","timestamp":1779910714317,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]],"date-time":"2021-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The COVID\u201019 pandemic has presented countless new challenges for healthcare providers including the challenge of differentiating COVID\u201019 infection from other diseases. COVID\u201019 infection and acute endocarditis may present similarly, both with shortness of breath and vital sign abnormalities, yet they require very different treatments. Here, we present two cases in which life\u2010threatening acute endocarditis was initially misdiagnosed as COVID\u201019 infection during the height of the pandemic in New York City. The first was a case of <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> mitral valve endocarditis leading to papillary muscle rupture and severe mitral regurgitation, and the second a case of <jats:italic>Streptococcus mitis<\/jats:italic> aortic valve endocarditis with heart failure due to severe aortic regurgitation. These cases highlight the importance of careful clinical reasoning and demonstrate how cognitive errors may impact clinical reasoning. They also underscore the limitations of real\u2010time reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 testing and illustrate the ways in which difficulty interpreting results may also influence clinical reasoning. Accurate diagnosis of acute endocarditis is critical given that surgical intervention can be lifesaving in unstable patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T07:54:25Z","timestamp":1615708465000},"page":"798-804","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Two cases of acute endocarditis misdiagnosed as COVID\u201019 infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2386-8163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dena E.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Hisamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deane","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan F.","family":"Vainrib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Bamira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhamed","family":"Saric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology New York University Langone Health New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0241469"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26673"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/apm-20-568"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250-020-00308-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1852058"}],"container-title":["Echocardiography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.15021","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/echo.15021","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.15021","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T14:00:57Z","timestamp":1693576857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/echo.15021"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/echo.15021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/echo.15021","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-2822","1540-8175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0742-2822","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}