{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T16:06:26Z","timestamp":1762445186802,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study is based on the World Heart Federation (WHF) echocardiographic criteria to assess the prevalence of subclinical rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and elucidate evolution of the disease when the cases were placed on appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis and regular follow\u2010up. The prevalence of subclinical RHD reported by previous active surveillance studies among asymptomatic school children is not comparable to our study because of major differences in screening methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A random inclusion strategy was adopted to recruit urban and rural school children of Bikaner district in the state of Rajasthan, India. The diagnosis of RHD was based on the echocardiographic criteria proposed by the WHF. All studies were reported on\u2010site by a single experienced cardiologist and the digitally preserved studies were reported by a second cardiologist off\u2010site. The final diagnosis was made by consensus. The second echocardiogram was performed for cases diagnosed with RHD after two years from start of study to document early evolution of the disease with ongoing antibiotic prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A high prevalence of subclinical RHD was observed in the study population. Pathological mitral and\/or aortic valve regurgitation was the commonest lesion, and a significant proportion of cases improved while on regular antibiotic prophylaxis. No case showed fixity of leaflets\/ stenosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of subclinical RHD is high in the study population, and the disease seems to regress over time in the presence of appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T11:45:38Z","timestamp":1622202338000},"page":"1173-1178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prevalence and follow\u2010up of subclinical rheumatic heart disease among asymptomatic school children in a north\u2010western district of India based on the World Heart Federation echocardiographic criteria"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Choudhary","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Sardar Patel Medical College Bikaner India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadik Raja","family":"Panwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiologist Las Vegas NV USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bal Kishan","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Sardar Patel Medical College Bikaner India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raja Babu","family":"Panwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajasthan University of Health Sciences Jaipur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajeev","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Medicine Eternal Heart Care Center Jaipur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2853-391X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maneesha","family":"Bhaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultant Cardiologist Clinic Du Bon Pasteur Rose Hill Mauritius"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Beniwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calendula Healthcare Ltd Port Louis Mauritius"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasim","family":"Raja Panwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajasthan Dental College Jaipur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arvind","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rajasthan University of Health Sciences Jaipur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jigyasa","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sardar Patel Medical College Bikaner India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9657-5620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navin C.","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham AL USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-258X.234389"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1944.02850430015005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1995-705X.192572"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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