{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:29:05Z","timestamp":1770701345772,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,19]],"date-time":"2022-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>People living with HIV (PLWH) are at increased risk for cardiac dysfunction. It is unknown how their global longitudinal cardiac function, cardiac structure, and other indices of function progress over time. We aimed to characterize the longitudinal trend in cardiac structure and function in PLWH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective study of PLWH with clinically obtained echocardiograms at an academic medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We reviewed archived transthoracic echocardiograms (TTEs) performed between 2001 and 2012 on PLWH. The primary outcome measures were progression of global longitudinal strain (GLS, left and right ventricles), LV mass, E\/e\u2032 ratio, LV end\u2010systolic, and \u2010diastolic volumes using hierarchical mixed model analysis as a function of CD4+ T cell count and HIV RNA suppression. Models were adjusted for clinical and demographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed 469 TTEs from 150 individuals (median age 46 years, 58% male). Median CD4+ T cell counts at nadir and proximal to first echocardiogram were 85 and 222\u00a0cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, respectively. Over a median of 5 years, LV mass index increased regardless of nadir or proximal CD4+ T cell count or viral suppression status. PLWH with viral suppression at baseline had more normal GLS throughout the follow\u2010up period. There were no significant trends in LV end\u2010systolic volume index or E\/e\u2032.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In PLWH, HIV viral suppression is associated with early gains in echocardiographic indices of cardiac function that persist for up to &gt;5 years. HIV disease control impacts routine echocardiographic measures with known impacts on long\u2010term prognosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T03:35:13Z","timestamp":1642649713000},"page":"268-277","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Progression of cardiac structure and function in people with human immunodeficiency virus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7176-1611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald S.","family":"Bloomfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Duke University  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Clinical Research Institute Duke University  Durham North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Duke Global Health Institute Duke University  Durham North Carolina 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