{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:56:28Z","timestamp":1792173388449,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine whether changes in fetal heart function according to glycemic control in pregnant women with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes using spectral tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and M\u2010mode imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 68 pregestational diabetic women (DM) at 30\u201332 gestational weeks. All participants were divided into two groups: type 1(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017) and type 2(<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a051), and then these groups were divided into the subgroups as well\u2010controlled and poorly controlled, according to fasting glucose (FG) and 1\u2010h postprandial glucose (PPG) values. Cardiac parameters were compared for well\u2010 and poorly\u2010controlled groups with TDI and M\u2010mode imaging. The correlation of cardiac parameters with FG, PPG, and HbA1c values was evaluated. Their roles in predicting neonatal outcomes were also assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thickness measurements, early diastolic annular peak velocity (E\u2019), late diastolic annular peak velocity (A\u2019), tissue isovolumetric relaxation time (IRT\u2019), and tissue myocardial performance index (MPI\u2019) were increased in both poorly controlled groups. Tissue ejection time (ET') was significantly reduced in the poorly controlled groups, while tissue isovolumetric contraction time (ICT') was not significantly changed in any group. Tricuspid, mitral, and septal annular plane excursions (TAPSE, MAPSE, and SAPSE, respectively) were significantly decreased in all poorly controlled subgroups. E', E'\/A\u2019, MPI\u2019, IRT', ET', and M\u2010mode imaging parameters significantly correlated with FG notably.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal hyperglycemia leads to subtle changes in systolic and diastolic functions both in the interventricular septum and ventricles, so it is essential to ensure glycemic control in both Type 1 and Type 2 DM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T14:00:57Z","timestamp":1689602457000},"page":"822-830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of glycemic control on fetal hearts of pregestational diabetic women by tissue doppler and M\u2010mode imaging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7022-0610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilek","family":"Menekse Beser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Perinatology Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9050-2041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Oluklu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Perinatology Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1866-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derya","family":"Uyan Hendem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Perinatology Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6583-2153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muradiye","family":"Yildirim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Perinatology Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5509-7888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezgi","family":"Turgut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Perinatology Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Perinatology Turkish Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"Characteristics of pre\u2010gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed during pregnancy and the effects on pregnancy outcomes","volume":"52","author":"Wei YM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6661(200001\/02)9:1<35::AID-MFM8>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"685","article-title":"Diabetes and pregnancy; 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