{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T10:49:13Z","timestamp":1773053353214,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Right atrial volume (RAV) and function have proven prognostic value in the assessment of cardiac disease and may be more accurately assessed using three\u2010dimensional echocardiography (3DE). Normal 3DE reference values for the right atrial (RA) volume and function in healthy children have not yet been published. Furthermore, current methods of indexing cardiac measurements to body surface area (BSA) alone may be insufficient. We aimed to develop reference values for 3DE\u2010derived RAV and function in the pediatric population, to provide a comparison of regression methods using BSA, height, weight, and sex, and to compare 3DE values to two\u2010dimensional echocardiography (2DE) derived volumes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 187 3DE datasets acquired for a multi\u2010center study on healthy children at two international centers. 3DE volumes were measured with vendor\u2010agnostic software (Tomtec), and 2DE endo\u2010diastolic volume (EDV) using the area\u2010length single\u2010plane approach. Regression curve\u2010fitting of height (Ht), weight (Wt), BSA, and sex were explored to optimize Pearson coefficient and homoscedasticity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The relationship of 3DE RAVs to BSA alone was heteroscedastic, with a residual positive relationship on indexing (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.2506). Optimal regression of Ln (Volume) = b0 + x*Ln (Ht) + y*Ln (Wt) + z*Sex was homoscedastic. Total RA emptying fraction (EF) did not vary across age or sex, however active and passive emptying was best fit by a spline curve with a knot at approximately BSA = 1 m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Strong agreement with 2DE\u2010derived EDV was present (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 0.83).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We provide reference values for RA size and function in the pediatric population and provide a comparison of methods for indexing these values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T10:58:25Z","timestamp":1728557905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Size and Function of the Right Atrium in Healthy Children by Three\u2010Dimensional Echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9772-8216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Haughian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stollery Children's Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei\u2010Ni","family":"Jone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Lurie Children's Hospital  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1311-1039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nee Scze","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stollery Children's Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Colen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Queensland Children's Hospital  South Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zoe","family":"Vetten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stollery Children's Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"University of Alberta  Edmonton Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luke","family":"Eckersley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stollery Children's Hospital  Edmonton Alberta Canada"},{"name":"University 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