{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T16:53:30Z","timestamp":1784652810921,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) persists after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study assessed CMD using combined dipyridamole\u2010exercise stress echocardiography (DExE) and myocardial strain\/work to evaluate the impact on left ventricular (LV) function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective study enrolled CAD individuals who underwent left anterior descending artery PCI and DExE assessment at 3 months post\u2010PCI to evaluate myocardial strain\/work parameters at rest and stress. The primary endpoint was adverse clinical events, and the secondary endpoint was Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) health status at 1\u2010year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cohort comprised 84 individuals (54 \u00b1 10 years, 17.9% female). Participants were stratified into two groups by coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR): CFVR \u2265 2.5 group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 63) and CFVR &lt; 2.5 group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 21). Compared with the CFVR \u2265 2.5 group, the CFVR &lt; 2.5 group showed impaired LV functional reserve, with lower global longitudinal strain (GLS), global work index (GWI), and global work efficiency (GWE) at peak exercise and recovery, lower peak exercise global constructive work (GCW), higher recovery global wasted work (GWW), and smaller absolute changes \u0394E\u2014R (difference before vs. after exercise stress) in GLS, GWI, and GCW (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). In multivariable analysis, peak exercise GCW, recovery GWW, and \u0394GCW (E \u2212 R) were independent predictors of CMD. At 1 year, no adverse clinical events occurred, and the CFVR \u2265 2.5 group had higher SAQ physical limitation (92.86 \u00b1 11.38\u00a0vs. 82.14 \u00b1 17.93), quality of life (95.63 \u00b1 10.57\u00a0vs. 83.33 \u00b1 19.90), and summary score (94.05 \u00b1 8.51\u00a0vs. 85.71 \u00b1 15.71) than the CFVR &lt; 2.5 group (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined DExE with myocardial strain\/work analysis effectively evaluates LV function in CMD. Decreased CFVR post\u2010PCI is associated with impaired LV function and worse 1\u2010year quality of life outcomes, underscoring the need for close cardiac function monitoring in post\u2010PCI CMD individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      URL:\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ; Unique identifier: ChiCTR2500103229.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.70419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T14:36:16Z","timestamp":1773844576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction on Left Ventricular Function After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Assessment With Combined Dipyridamole\u2010Exercise Stress and Myocardial Strain\/Work"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Wanyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunfei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuanglan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haibo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Cardiology Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunfang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuzhe","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiling","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ultrasound Fuwai Yunnan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences\/Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University  Kunming China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001038"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy855"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy857"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2310610"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(17)32714\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.07.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20452\/pamw.16035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa503"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2021.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20109149(88)91366\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.0000139905.47128.9f"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2005.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2211\u20104122.192173"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2024.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2021.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae177"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad191"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.08.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn492"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeu184"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.122.014419"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.117.029289"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735\u20101097(94)00397\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2023.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2024.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.07.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab562"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab493"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2009.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2021.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2020.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030711"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1119785"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2020.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15537"}],"container-title":["Echocardiography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.70419","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/echo.70419","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.70419","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T11:02:48Z","timestamp":1776250968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/echo.70419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/echo.70419"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/echo.70419","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-2822","1540-8175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0742-2822","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70419"}}