{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:52:58Z","timestamp":1791237178878,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pregnancy is known to be associated with several physiological adaptations affecting the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to describe the normal gestational changes in left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain (LS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective longitudinal single center study including 60 healthy pregnant females, without history of any medical condition, structural heart disease, cardiovascular risk factors or pregnancy\u2010related complication. A baseline echocardiographic study was performed during the first half second trimester (16\u201320 weeks) with follow\u2010up near the end of the third trimester (32\u201336 weeks).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of the study population was 24.8 \u00b1 5 years. There was an increase in LV end\u2010diastolic and end\u2010systolic volumes: from 92.7 \u00b1 7.2 to 107.2 \u00b1 9.2\u00a0mL and from 40.9 \u00b1 6.3 to 48.1 \u00b1 7.2\u00a0mL (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), respectively. RV basal diameter also increased from 33.9 \u00b1 2.3 to 36.5 \u00b1 2.0\u00a0mm (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). On the other hand, the absolute value of LV global LS decreased from \u221222.4 \u00b1 2.2 to \u221220.0 \u00b1 1.7 % (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), an 11% change; and RV free wall LS from \u221228.7 \u00b1 4.1 to \u221224.7 \u00b1 3.3 % (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), a 14% change.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LV and RV longitudinal strain decreased significantly during normal pregnancy at the end of the third trimester as compared to the beginning of the second trimester. This may suggest that a trimester\u2010specific reference range of strain may need to be considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.70420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T19:11:29Z","timestamp":1774379489000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Changes in Left and Right Ventricular Longitudinal Strain During Normal Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5787-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judy","family":"Rizk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa","family":"Elsabbagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gihan","family":"Magdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Alexandria University  Alexandria Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Azab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Alexandria University  Alexandria 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