{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:26:08Z","timestamp":1786987568698,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Residual congestion at discharge in acute heart failure (AHF) is a primary driver of readmission and mortality. Inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound provides a noninvasive bedside assessment of volume status, yet its clinical impact on guiding therapy remains underdefined. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of IVC ultrasound\u2013guided therapy compared to standard clinical assessment in AHF decongestion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD420251171323), a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, and other major databases through October 2025. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies focusing on IVC\u2010guided management in adults with AHF. Outcomes included congestion markers, NT\u2010proBNP levels, hospitalization duration, and mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four studies involving 629 patients met the inclusion criteria. Most studies showed improved decongestion with IVC ultrasound guidance, evidenced by lower residual congestion and improved IVC metrics (diameter\/collapsibility). While NT\u2010proBNP levels decreased in all cohorts, between\u2010group differences were not statistically significant. Clinical outcomes improved in 50% of studies, showing shorter hospital stays and reduced mortality. Notably, one trial reported a significant mortality benefit (3.3%\u00a0vs. 33.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003). Adverse events were either similar or significantly fewer (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in the ultrasound\u2010guided groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IVC ultrasound is an effective bedside tool for individualized volume management in AHF, potentially enhancing treatment precision and clinical outcomes. While current evidence is promising, larger multicenter trials are necessary to standardize its implementation in routine heart failure care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.70495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T15:37:21Z","timestamp":1782747441000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inferior Vena Cava Ultrasound for Decongestion Assessment in Acute Heart Failure: Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jonathan V\u00edctor","family":"Salazar Ore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas Universidad de Buenos Aires  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie Carolina","family":"Alonso Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaly Valeria","family":"Barrag\u00e1n Roca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Escuela de Medicina  Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth Sharon","family":"Pandithurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jagadguru Jayadeva Murugarajendra Medical College  Davangere Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ada Lizandra","family":"Motino Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Honduras  Tegucigalpa Honduras"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Molinary Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Guadalajara  Guadalajara M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wylson Emmanuel","family":"L\u00f3pez Echeverria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico  Ciudad de M\u00e9xico M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhana","family":"Fatima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Urban Health Mission  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2237-9536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernesto","family":"Calder\u00f3n Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston  Houston Texas 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