{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T09:00:17Z","timestamp":1790586017154,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Echocardiography"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with subclinical myocardial dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the association between presystolic wave (PSW) and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with confirmed OSAS and to determine whether PSW may serve as a simple echocardiographic marker of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 103 patients with polysomnography\u2010confirmed OSAS were prospectively enrolled. Patients were classified according to the presence or absence of PSW. Clinical characteristics, polysomnographic findings, conventional echocardiographic parameters, and left ventricular GLS obtained by two\u2010dimensional speckle\u2010tracking echocardiography were compared between groups. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with the presence of PSW.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty\u2010seven patients were classified as PSW\u2010positive and 46 as PSW\u2010negative. Patients with PSW had significantly higher apnea\u2010hypopnea index values and a greater prevalence of severe OSAS. Although left ventricular ejection fraction remained within the normal range in both groups, GLS was significantly impaired in PSW\u2010positive patients (\u221216.1 \u00b1 1.9%\u00a0vs. \u221218.1 \u00b1 1.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, GLS remained independently associated with PSW presence after adjustment for apnea\u2010hypopnea index, body mass index, waist circumference, and beta\u2010blocker use (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.52\u20133.15;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Among patients with detectable PSW, the median peak PSW velocity was 65\u00a0cm\/s (interquartile range, 57\u201370\u00a0cm\/s) and was not significantly correlated with GLS or apnea\u2010hypopnea index.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with OSAS, the presence of a PSW is independently associated with impaired GLS despite preserved left ventricular ejection fraction. These findings suggest that PSW may serve as a simple, non\u2010invasive, and readily available echocardiographic marker of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Presystolic wave (PSW) has been proposed as a simple echocardiographic marker of left ventricular dysfunction. Its relationship with myocardial deformation in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains uncertain. Patients with OSA underwent comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography, including Doppler assessment of PSW and speckle\u2010tracking analysis of global longitudinal strain (GLS). Clinical, polysomnographic, and echocardiographic parameters were compared according to PSW status. PSW may serve as a simple and readily available echocardiographic marker of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.70632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T22:40:23Z","timestamp":1789598423000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of Presystolic Wave with Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Mevhibe","family":"Alt\u0131n\u0131\u015f\u0131k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Bayburt State Hospital  Bayburt Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatih","family":"G\u00fcl\u00e7ebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital  Trabzon Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebru","family":"Ate\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology University of Trabzon Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital  Trabzon Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nisanur","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology University of Trabzon Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital  Trabzon Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selim","family":"Kul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology University of Trabzon Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital  Trabzon Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000988"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113223"},{"issue":"34","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"S4188","article-title":"Intermittent Hypoxia, Cardiovascular Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea","volume":"10","author":"Turnbull C. 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E.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"861","article-title":"Pre\u2010Systolic Wave May be Associated With Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction","volume":"24","author":"Uslu N.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Echocardiography"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Clinical Significance of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Presystolic Flow Velocity","volume":"63","author":"Nakanishi K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36660\/ijcs.20230201"}],"container-title":["Echocardiography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.70632","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/echo.70632","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/echo.70632","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T08:44:04Z","timestamp":1790585044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/echo.70632"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/echo.70632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/echo.70632","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0742-2822","1540-8175"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0742-2822","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8175","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70632"}}