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The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for occurrence of arrhythmias in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content>) during bicycle ergometer exercise test (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ET<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content> postmenopausal women (mean age, 60\u00b79\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08\u00b70\u00a0years) and 30, sex and age\u2010matched, controls underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ET<\/jats:styled-content>, echocardiogram and mineral metabolism biochemical evaluation. The following stages were considered during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ET<\/jats:styled-content>: rest, peak exercise, recovery (early recovery, 2 and 10\u00a0min after peak exercise). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content> was corrected with Bazett's formula (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with controls, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content> patients showed an increased occurrence of ventricular premature beats (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VPB<\/jats:styled-content>s) during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ET<\/jats:styled-content> (26\u00b76% vs. 6\u00b76%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b703). Being affected by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content> predicted the onset of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VPB<\/jats:styled-content>s at peak exercise (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b704) and recovery (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b703), as shown by logistic regression analysis. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content> patients, serum calcium level was a predictor of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VPB<\/jats:styled-content>s at peak exercise (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b705). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content> was in the normal range. Serum calcium level showed a negative correlation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b701) in whole sample. Compared with controls, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHTP<\/jats:styled-content> patients had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c significantly shorter for every stage of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ET<\/jats:styled-content>, except at peak exercise. Physiological reduction of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c interval from rest to peak exercise was not seen in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> QT<\/jats:styled-content>c at rest being the only predictor of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c in every stage, as shown by multivariate regression analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHPT<\/jats:styled-content>, an increased occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VPB<\/jats:styled-content>s and a different <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">QT<\/jats:styled-content>c adaptation during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ET<\/jats:styled-content> were observed and may represent risk factors for major arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]],"date-time":"2012-11-30T13:28:02Z","timestamp":1354282082000},"page":"208-214","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Arrhythmias in primary hyperparathyroidism evaluated by exercise test"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Pepe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Disciplines \u2018Sapienza\u2019 University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Curione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Disciplines \u2018Sapienza\u2019 University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Morelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical 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