{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:27:30Z","timestamp":1782901650323,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,19]],"date-time":"2013-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1374192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Moderately elevated unconjugated bilirubin concentrations protect against inflammatory diseases and are present in individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome. This study examined the relationship between circulating haem oxygenase catabolites, unconjugated bilirubin, carboxy haemoglobin, iron and inflammatory parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010six matched individuals were allocated to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>ilbert's syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GS<\/jats:styled-content>) or control group (unconjugated bilirubin \u2265 or \u00a0&lt;\u00a017\u00b71\u00a0\u03bcM). Iron, carboxy haemoglobin and high\u2010sensitivity <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010reactive protein were analysed using routine diagnostic tests. Unconjugated bilirubin and haem were analysed using high\u2010performance liquid chromatography. The cytokines <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 were assessed using high\u2010sensitivity enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gilbert's syndrome subjects had significantly greater levels of unconjugated bilirubin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705), carboxy haemoglobin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705), iron (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705), a significantly lower body mass index (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 concentrations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705) vs. controls. Regression analysis revealed that unconjugated bilirubin mainly explained <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 results (16%), and body mass index+<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 predicted 26% of the variance in C\u2010reactive protein concentrations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A positive relationship between unconjugated bilirubin and free plasma haem, iron and carboxy haemoglobin indicated a positive feedback loop of haem oxygenase induction possibly mediated by unconjugated bilirubin. Furthermore, reduced body mass index in Gilbert's syndrome individuals was linked to reduced inflammation status, which could be influenced by circulating haem oxygenase catabolites and contribute to reduced risk of noncommunicable diseases in this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,28]],"date-time":"2013-05-28T05:17:24Z","timestamp":1369718244000},"page":"912-919","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Haem catabolism: a novel modulator of inflammation in <scp>G<\/scp>ilbert's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Marlies","family":"Wallner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences Emerging Field Oxidative Stress and DNA Stability University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Bulmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart 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