{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T15:20:42Z","timestamp":1769008842295,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,20]],"date-time":"2014-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>Smoking is a recognized cardiovascular risk factor. Perivascular visceral adipose tissue (PVAT<\/jats:styled-content>) is a source of inflammatory molecules, thus contributing to atherosclerosis progression. The P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub> receptor (P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010inflammasome complex, crucial in determining IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201018 release, participates in this scenario. We evaluated whether smoking might affect the PVAT<\/jats:styled-content> inflammatory phenotype and explored the putative role of the axis P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010inflammasome in this picture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title>TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, RBP<\/jats:styled-content>4, MCP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, as well as P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content> and inflammasome components NLRP<\/jats:styled-content>3, ASC<\/jats:styled-content>, caspase\u20101 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201018 expression was determined in adipocytes isolated by PVAT<\/jats:styled-content> of healthy smokers (S<\/jats:styled-content>mok) and nonsmokers (N<\/jats:styled-content>o\u2010S<\/jats:styled-content>mok) subjects. Plasma and culture medium levels of these cytokines were also determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Perivascular adipose tissue of Smok had a higher expression of P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content> and inflammasome components; via P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content> activation, it released more IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2 and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201018, whose serum levels were also higher in S<\/jats:styled-content>mok than in N<\/jats:styled-content>o\u2010S<\/jats:styled-content>mok. Linear correlations of NLRP<\/jats:styled-content>3 with P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content> and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201018 expression and release emerged. Smok also had a higher PVAT<\/jats:styled-content> expression of the chemotactic factor MCP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101. However, no difference was observed in the PVAT<\/jats:styled-content> expression of genes more strictly related to insulin resistance, like TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1, RBP<\/jats:styled-content>4, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106; this was coupled with similar plasma levels of TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1 and RBP<\/jats:styled-content>4 in the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Smoking contributes to the pro\u2010inflammatory status of the PVAT<\/jats:styled-content> by enhancing expression and activity of the P<\/jats:styled-content>2X<\/jats:styled-content>7<\/jats:sub>R<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010inflammasome complex; the effect on adipocytokines more related to insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities appears trivial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,30]],"date-time":"2013-12-30T05:46:55Z","timestamp":1388382415000},"page":"295-302","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The complex P<\/scp>2X<\/scp>7<\/sub> receptor\/inflammasome in perivascular fat tissue of heavy smokers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Rossi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Santini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Chiarugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery and Emergency University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Salvati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Comassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Vitolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Madec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversit\u00e9 et Ecologie Microbienne Universit\u00e9 Europ\u00e9enne de Bretagne Brest France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Solini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2010.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-10-0987"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200502000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890802161007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.01.06.dc05-1320"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036936"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2003.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2007.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.2011.05602.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.7922"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.077602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001238"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000140058.28994.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2237"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0612284"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709684105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1100255108"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037491"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2010-0038OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201001-0126OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2007.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706823"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(00)00642-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00051.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hr.2011.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1710"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.12.2890"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013251"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0763"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr032"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2008.07133.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90526.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01902141003739723"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.11.026"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Feci.12232","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eci.12232","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T17:19:23Z","timestamp":1696353563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eci.12232"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,20]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eci.12232"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.12232","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2972","1365-2362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2972","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,20]]}}}