{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T08:27:55Z","timestamp":1773044875666,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]],"date-time":"2014-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hormonal status influences haemostatic factors including fibrinogen, factor VII and plasminogen activator inhibitor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101), and concentrations differ among men, premenopausal and postmenopausal women. This study examines how phases of the menstrual cycle influence variability of fibrinogen, factor VII and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 103 subjects (39 premenopausal women, 18 postmenopausal women and 46 men) during three, randomized, 8\u2010week energy\u2010 and nutrient\u2010controlled experimental diets in the Dietary Effects on Lipids and Thrombogenic Activity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DELTA<\/jats:styled-content>) Study. Fasting blood samples were collected weekly during the last 4\u00a0weeks of each diet period, and haemostatic factors were quantified. Two linear mixed\u2010effects models were used for fibrinogen, factor VII and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101: one to estimate and compare group\u2010specific components of variance, and the other to estimate additional fixed effects representing cyclical functions of day of menstrual cycle in premenopausal women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systematic cyclical variation with day of menstrual cycle was observed for fibrinogen (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b70001), factor VII (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b70012) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAI<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b70024) in premenopausal women. However, the amplitude of cycling was small relative to the total magnitude of intra\u2010individual variability. In addition, the intra\u2010individual variance and corresponding coefficient of variation observed in premenopausal women did not differ from postmenopausal women and men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The variability in haemostatic factors in premenopausal women is no greater than for postmenopausal women or men. Consequently, premenopausal women can be included in studies investigating haemostatic factor responses without controlling for stage of menstrual cycle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,2]],"date-time":"2014-01-02T12:08:57Z","timestamp":1388664537000},"page":"309-318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Monthly haemostatic factor variability in women and men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Alison M.","family":"Hill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA"},{"name":"Nutritional Physiology Research Centre The University of South Australia Adelaide Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark K.","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Vermont Burlington VT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penny M.","family":"Kris\u2010Etherton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry N.","family":"Ginsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell P.","family":"Tracy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry University of Vermont Burlington VT USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bassett Research Institute Cooperstown NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lefevre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge LA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta G.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bassett Research Institute Cooperstown NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia J.","family":"Elmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Holleran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Columbia University Medical Center New York NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abby G.","family":"Ershow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Sciences National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the DELTA (Dietary Effects on Lipoproteins and Thrombogenic Activity) Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000133444.17867.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1270074"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2007.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13697130310001651508"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH11-07-0481"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/48.4.956"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-1957-7_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.3.441"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.17.11.2914"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"A462","article-title":"for the DELTA Investigators. 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