{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T07:37:44Z","timestamp":1767339464324},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]],"date-time":"2014-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Homocysteine is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms underlying this link are not fully elucidated. Whereas the role of vascular dysfunction in conduit arteries is extensively studied, the role of the microcirculation in this relationship is largely unexplored. We assessed the relationship between homocysteine levels and microvascular structure and function in a healthy, population\u2010based cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We cross\u2010sectionally studied 260 participants (aged 42\u00a0years, 47% men) of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>msterdam <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>rowth and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L<\/jats:styled-content>ongitudinal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tudy. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy was used to assess capillary density at baseline, during venous occlusion and during peak reactive hyperaemia. The relationship between tertiles of homocysteine and microvascular outcomes was evaluated using linear regression analyses, with adjustment for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> and blood pressure. Stratified analyses were performed for men and women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In men, we observed a negative, nonlinear relationship between homocysteine and baseline capillary density, showing a lower capillary density in the highest tertile of homocysteine [adjusted B \u22128\u00b765\u00a0capillaries\/mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (95%\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u221216\u00b705 to \u22121\u00b725); <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b702]. In women, no significant associations were found between homocysteine and microvascular outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In men, higher homocysteine levels are associated with a reduction in basal perfusion of skin capillaries. This finding provides a novel potential explanation for how homocysteine influences cardiovascular disease risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,15]],"date-time":"2014-01-15T12:14:58Z","timestamp":1389788098000},"page":"333-340","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Homocysteine levels are inversely associated with capillary density in men, not in premenopausal women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline M.","family":"Hornstra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Institute for Cardiovascular Research (IcaR\u2010VU) VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trynke","family":"Hoekstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erik H.","family":"Sern\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Institute for Cardiovascular Research (IcaR\u2010VU) VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ed C.","family":"Eringa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Institute for Cardiovascular Research (IcaR\u2010VU) VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nienke J.","family":"Wijnstok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine Institute for Cardiovascular Research (IcaR\u2010VU) VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henk J.","family":"Blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Unit Department of Clinical Chemistry VU University Medical Centre Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos W. 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